The Politics of Representation:
Ethnography, Literature and Film in the Pacific Islands

NEH SUMMER SEMINAR FOR COLLEGE TEACHERS

Vilsoni Hereniko and Geoffrey White, Directors
East-West Center & University of Hawai’i
June 16- July 25, 1997

READINGS:

books in bookstore & on reserve:

1. Alan Duff, Once Were Warriors.
2. Sia Figiel, Where We Once Belonged.
3. Epeli Hau’ofa, Tales of the Tikongs.
4. Haunani-Kay Trask, Light in the Crevice Never Seen.
5. Albert Wendt, Nuanua: Pacific writing in English since 1980.

1. Introduction: Cultural Politics, Pacific Style

1.a. (June 17) ethnography:

Keesing, R. (1989). Creating the Past: Custom and Identity in the Pacific. The Contemporary Pacific 1&2: 19-42.

Trask, Haunani-Kay (1991). Natives and Anthropologists: The Colonial Struggle The Contemporary Pacific 3(1):159-67.

Keesing, Roger M. (1991). Reply to Trask. The Contemporary Pacific 3:168-171.

Linnekin, Jocelyn (1991). Text Bites and the R-Word: The Politics of Representing Scholarship. The Contemporarv Pacific 3:172-177.

Tobin, Jeffrey (1994). Cultural Construction and Native Nationalism: Report from the Hawaiian Front. In Asia/Pacific as Space of Cultural Production. R. Wilson & Arif Dirlik, eds. Boundary 2 Special Issue: 111-133.

1.a. secondary:

Spriggs, M. (1991). Facing the Nation: Archaeologists and Hawaiians in the Era of Sovereignty. The Contemporarv Pacific 3:379-392.

Linnekin, J. (1992). On the Theory and Politics of Cultural Construction in the Pacific. Oceania 62:249-263.

Briggs, C. L. (1996). The Politics of Discursive Authority in Research on the ‘Invention of Tradition’. Cultural Anthropology 11(4): 435-469.

1.b. (June 18) film: [to be viewed: Act of War; Hawai’i on Screen]

Guest Speaker: Joan Lander, filmmaker, Na Maka o ka 'Aina

Douglas, Norman (1994). Electric Shadows in the South Seas: The Pacific Islands in Films - A Survey. In Moving Images of the Pacific Islands: A Guide to Films and Videos. D. Aoki, ed. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Center for Pacific Islands Studies Occasional Paper 38. Pp. 3-19.

J. Kehaulani Kauanui (1997). Images of Struggle/Imagining Nations: An Act of War for Off-Island Education on Hawaiian Sovereignty. Notes for oral presentation at meetings of the Association for Social Anthropology in Oceania. San Diego.

1.b. secondary:

Mellon, Jim (1992). Images of Micronesia on Film and Video. In Pacific History: Papers from the 8th Pacific History Association Conference Mangilao, University of Guam Press and Micronesia Area Research Center. Pp. 385-403.

Reyes, Luis (1995). Made in paradise: Hollywood's films of Hawaii and the South Seas. Honolulu: Mutual Pub.

1.c. (June 19) literature:

Sharrad, Paul (1990). Imagining the Pacific Meanjin 49(4): 597-606.

Hau’ofa, Epeli (1983). The Glorious Pacific Way. Tales of the Tikongs. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press. Pp. 83-93

Grace, Patricia (1991). Parade. Selected Stories. Auckland: Penquin Books. Pp. 58-66.

1.c. secondary:

Hereniko, Vilsoni (1993). Pacific Island Literature. Manoa: A Pacific Journal of International Writing 5(1): 47-49.

Wendt, Albert (1995) Introduction. Nuanua: Pacific writing in English since 1980. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. Pp. 1-8.

Thaman, Konai (1997). Of Daffodils and Heilala: Understanding (Cultural) Contexts in Pacific Literature. Unpublished paper presented at MELUS conference. Honolulu.

2. Theorizing Cultural Representation

2.a. (June 24) ethnography:

Clifford, James (1988, 1983). On Ethnographic Authority. In The Predicament of Culture: Twentieth-Century Ethnography, Literature, and Art. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press. Pp. 21-54.

Mascia-Lees, Frances, Patricia Sharpe and Colleen B. Cohen (1989). The Postmodernist Turn in Anthropology: Cautions from a Feminist Perspective. Signs 15:7-33.

Trouillot, Michel-Rolph (1991). Anthropology and the Savage Slot: The Poetics and Politics of Otherness. In Recapturing Anthropology. R. Fox, ed. Santa Fe, NM: School of American Research. Pp. 17-44.

Motzafi-Haller, P. (1996). Writing Birthright: On Native Anthropologists and the Politics of Representation. Unpublished Paper. 36 pp.

Hereniko, Vilsoni (1994). Representations of Cultural Identities. In R. Kiste, K. Howe, and B. Lal (eds.), Tides of History: The Pacific in the Twentieth Century. Sydney: Allen and Unwin. Pp. 406-434.

Geertz, Clifford (1995). Culture War. The New York Review of Books. Nov 30: 4-6.

2.a. secondary

Narayan, Kirin (1993). How Native is a "Native" Anthropologist? American Anthropolgist 95: 671-686.

Limón, José (1991). Representation, Ethnicity, and the Precursory Ethnography: Notes of a Native Anthropologist. In Recapturing Anthropology. R. Fox, Ed. Santa Fe, NM: School of American Research. Pp. 115-135.

Visweswaran, K. (1994). Betrayal: An Analysis in Threee Acts. In I Grewal and C. Kaplan, eds. Scattered Hegemonies. Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press. Pp. 90-109

Doty, R. L. (1996) Imperial Encounters: The Politics of Representation in North-South Relations. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Chs, 1, 7, 8.

Borofsky, Robert (1997). Cook, Lono, Obeyesekere, and Sahlins. Current Anthropology 38(2):255-282.

Myers, F. (1988). Locating Ethnographic Practice. American Ethnologist 15: 609-625.

Thomas, N. (1991). Against Ethnography. Cultural Anthropology 6: 306-322.

2.b. (June 25) film: [to be viewed: Chamorru Dreams]

Rony, F.T. (1996). Time and Redemption in the "Racial Film" of the 1920s and 1930s. In The Third Eye: Race, Cinema and Ethnographic Spectacle. Durham: Duke University Press. Pp. 129-155.

Langton, Marcia (1993). The Politics of Aboriginal Representation. In ‘Well, I heared it on the radio and I Saw it on the Television. . . ‘. North Sydney:Australian Film Commission. Pp. 22-43.

Ginsburg, F. (1994). "Embedded Aesthetics: Creating a Discursive Space for Indigenous Media." Cultural Anthropology 9(3): 365-382.

2.b. secondary:

Michaels, Eric (1994). Aboriginal Content: Who’s Got It - Who Needs It? In Bad Aboriginal Art: Tradition, Media, and Technological Horizons. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Pp. 20-46

Devereaux, L. and R. Hillman, Eds. (1995). Fields of Vision: Essays in Film Studies, Visual Anthropology, and Photography. Berkeley, University of California Press.

Hall, Stuart (1989). Cultural Identity and Cinematic Representation. Framework 36: 68-81.

2.c. (June 26) literature:

Stead, C.K., ed. (1994). The Faber Book of Contemporary South Pacific Stories. ‘Introduction’ and ‘A Note on Absences.’ Pp. x-xvii.

Edmond, Rod (1994). Review of The Faber Book of Contemporary Stories by C.K. Stead. Wasafiri 20 (Autumn): 73-76.

Williams, Mark (1994). C.K. Stead and the New Literary Order. Meanjin 53: 695-713.

Mita, Merata (1993). Indigenous Literature in a Colonised Society. In Te Ao Marama: Regaining Aoteaora. Maori Writers Speak Out. Auckland: Reed. Pp. 310-314.

Caraway, Nancie (1996). Pulp Friction: Exiles, "Locals" and the Politics of Pidgin. Honolulu Weekly Nov 20-26: 8-11.

2.c. secondary:

Hereniko, V. and R. Wilson (n.d.) Introduction: Imagining a New Pacific. In Inside Out: Literature, Cultural Politics and Identity in the New Pacific. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press (in press).

3. Race/Class

3.a. (July 1) literature:

Duff, A. (1990). Once Were Warriors. New York: Vintage Books. [bookstore & reserve]

Thompson, C. (1994). In Whose Face?: An Essay on the Work of Alan Duff. The Contemporary Pacific 6(2):397-413.

Hereniko, V. (1995) Interview with Alan Duff. The Contemporary Pacific 7(2): 327-344.

Thompson, C. (1995) Alan Duff: The Book, the Film, the Interview Meanjin 54(1):6-13.

3.a. secondary

Thomas, Nicholas (1993). Gender and the Politics of Tradition: Alan Duff’s Once Were Warriors. Kunapipi 15(2):57-67.

Trask, Haunani-Kay (1997). Writing in Captivity. Wasifiri 25: 42-43.

"A Conversation with Albert Wendt" Videotaped interview produced for Spectrum Hawai’i by Hawai’i Public Television.

Wilson, Rob (1994). Blue Hawaii: Bamboo Ridge as ‘Critical Regionalism’. In What is in a Rim?: Critical Perspectives on the Asia-Pacific Idea. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

Fujikane, Candace (1997). Re-Imagining Development and the Local in Lois Ann Yamanaka’s Saturday Night at the Pahala Theater. Women in Hawai’i" Sites, Identities, and Voices. Special Issue of Social Process in Hawai’i 38. (manuscript).

3.b. (July 2) film: [to be viewed: Once Were Warriors]

Film Reviews for Once Were Warriors. [the Bulletin Dec 6, 1994:105-06; Newsweek March 6, 1995:68; New York Feb 27, 1995:129; New York March 6, 1995:54-55.]

Barclay, Barry (199?). The Other Eye. In Te Ao Marama:. Auckland: Reed Books. Pp 322-329.

Dominy, M. D. (1993). Photojournalism, Anthropology, and Ethnographic Authority. Cultural Anthropology 8(3): 317-337.

3.c. (July 3) ethnography:

Foster, Robert J. (1995). Print Advertisements and Nation Making in Metropolitan Papua New Guinea. In R. Foster, ed. Nation-Making: Emergent Identities in Postcolonial Melanesia. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. Pp. 151-181.

Kaplan, Martha (1993). Imagining a Nation: Race, Politics, and Crisis in Postcolonial Fiji. In V. Lockwood, T. Harding, and B. Wallace eds., Contemporary Pacific Societies: Studies in Development and Change. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. Pp. 34-54.

Hau’ofa, Epeli (1987). The New South Pacific Society: Integration and Independence. In Class and Culture in the South Pacific. A. Hooper et al., eds. Suva: Institute of Pacific Studies. Pp.1-15.

3.c. secondary

Howard, M. (1989). Ethnicity and the State in the Pacific. In M. Howard ed., Ethnicity and Nation-Building in the Pacific. Pp. 1-49. Tokyo: United Nations University.

Linnekin, J (1990). The Politics of Culture in the Pacific. In Linnekin and Poyer eds. Cultural Identity and Ethnicity in the Pacific. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. Pp. 149-174.

Wesley-Smith, Terence and Ogan, Eugene (1992). Copper, Class, and Crisis: Changing Relations of Production in Bougainville. The Contemporary Pacific 4(2): 245-267.

4. Gender/Sexuality

4.a. (July 8) ethnography:

Besnier, Niko (1994). Polynesian Gender Liminality in Time and Space. In Third Sex, Third Gender: Beyond Sexual Dimorphism in Culture and History. New York: Zone Books. (in manuscript)

Zimmer, Laura (1993). Nationalism and Sexuality in Papua New Guinea. Pacific Studies 16(4):61-97.

Torgovnik, Marianna (1990). Physicality. In Gone Primitive. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Pp. 227-243.

4.a. secondary

Teaiwa, T.K. (1994). bikinis and other s/pacific n/oceans. The Contemporary Pacific 6:87-109.

Trask, Haunani-Kay (1993). Pacific Island Women and White Feminism. In From a Native Daughter, pp. 263-277. Monroe: Common Courage Press.

4.b. (July 9) film: [to be viewed: Rapa Nui]

DuPuis, Reshela (1996). Romanticizing Colonialism: Power and Pleasure in Jane Campion’s The Piano. The Contemporary Pacific 8(1): 51-79.

Jolly, Margaret (1996). From Point Venus to Bali Hai: Eroticism and Exoticism in Representations of the Pacific. In L. Manderson and M. Jolly, eds. Sites of Desire / Economies of Pleasure: Sexualities in Asia and the Pacific. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (in manuscript)

4.c. (July 10) literature:

Figiel, Sia (1996). Where We Once Belonged. Matoa, Samoa: Pacifika Press. [bookstore & reserve]

Hall, Lisa Kahaleole Chang and J. Kehaulani Kauanui (1996). Same-Sex Sexuality in Pacific Literature. In Asian American Sexualities: Dimensions of the Gay and Lesbian Experience. R. Leong, Ed. London and New York: Routledge. Pp. 113-118.

4.c. secondary:

Ihimaera, Witi (1996). Nights in the Garden of Spain. Auckland: Secker & Warburg. [reserve]

Wendt, Albert (1991). Ola. Auckland: Penguin Books. [reserve]

selected poetry (list to be distributed)

5. Tourism/Travel

5.a. (July 15) ethnography:

Errington, F. and D. Gewertz (1989). Tourism and anthropology in a post-modern world. Oceania 60: 37-54.

Ross, Andrew (1993). Cultural Preservation in the Polynesia of the Latter Day Saints. In The Chicago Gangster Theory of Life: Nature’s Debt to Society. Pp. 21-98; 276-84.

Trask, Haunani-Kay (1993). Lovely Hula Hands: Corporate Tourism and the Prostitution of Hawaiian Culture. In From a Native Daughter. Pp. 179-197.

5.a. secondary:

Clifford, James (1997). Spatial Practices: Fieldwork, Travel, and the Disciplining of Anthropology. In Routes: Travel and Translation in the Late Twentieth Century. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press. Pp. 52-91

Gewertz, D. and F. Errington (1991). The New Traditionalism: Tourism and its Transformations. In Twisted Histories, Altered Contexts. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. Pp. 25-57.

Ton Otto and Robert J. Verloop (1996). The Asaro Mudmen: Local Property, Public Culture? The Contemporary Pacific 8(2):349-386.

Jolly, Margaret (1994). Kastom as Commodity: The Land Dive as Indigenous Rite and Tourist Spectacle in Vanuatu. In Culture, Kastom, Tradition. Pp. 131-146.

Webb, T. D. (1994). Highly Structured Tourist Art: Form and Meaning of the Polynesian Cultural Center. The Contemporary Pacific 6(1): 59-86.

5.b. (July 16) film: [to be viewed: Cannibal Tours; The Transformed Isles]

Lutkehaus, Nancy (1991). "Excuse Me, Everything is Not All Right": On Ethnography, Film and Representation (An Interview with Filmmaker Dennis O'Rourke). Cultural Anthropology 4(4): 422-437.

5.b. secondary

Greenblatt, Stephen (1993). Kindly Visions [Review of Reading National Geographic by C. Lutz and J. Collins]. The New Yorker. October 11, 1993, 112-120.

Nordstrom, Alison Devine (1992). Wood Nymphs and Patriots: Depictions of Samoans in The National Geographic Magazine. Visual Sociology 7(2): 49-59.

5.c. (July 17) literature:

Theroux, Paul (1992). O’ahu: Open Espionage in Honolulu. In The Happy Isles of Oceania: Paddling the Pacific. New York: Ballentine Books Pp. 473-493.

Pratt, Mary L. (1992). Introduction. & From the Victoria Nyanza to the Sheraton San Salvador. Imperial Eyes: Travel Writing and Transculturation. London: Routledge. Pp. 1-11; 201-27; 248-50.

Hau'ofa, Epeli (1993). Our Sea of Islands. In E. Waddell, V. Naidu & E. Hau’ofa, eds. A New Oceania: Rediscovering Our Sea of Islands. Suva: USP. Pp. 2-16.

Trask, Haunani-Kay (1994). Light in the Crevice Never Seen. Corvallis, OR: Calyx Books. [selections; reserve]

5.c. secondary:

Farber, Tom (1993). Unhappy in the Isles of Oceania. The Contemporary Pacific 5(2):383-385.

Hauofa, Epeli (1993). Tales of the Tikongs. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press. [bookstore & reserve]

Hereniko, Vilsoni and Teresia Teaiwa (1993). Last Virgin in Paradise. Suva: Mana Publications. [reserve]

6. The New Pacific

6.a. (July 22) ethnography: Guest Speaker: Jonathan Kamakawiwo’ole Osorio, Center for Hawaiian Studies, University of Hawai’i at Manoa

Sahlins, M. (1994). Goodbye to Triste Tropes: Ethnography in the Context of Modern World History. In R. Borofsky (ed.), Assessing Cultural Anthropology. New York: McGraw-Hill. Pp. 377-394.

Lindstrom, L. and G. White (1995). Anthropology’s New Cargo: Future Horizons. Ethnology 34(3): 201-209.

Hau’ofa, Epeli (forthcoming). Pasts to Remember. In D. Hanlon and R. Borofsky, eds. Pacific History and Historiography. (manuscript)

Osorio, Jonathan (1992). Songs of Our Natural Selves: The Enduring Voice of Nature in Hawaiian Music. In D. Rubinstein, ed. Pacific History: Papers from the 8th Pacific History Association Conference. Mangilao: University of Guam. Pp. 429-432.

6.a. secondary

Samuels, D. (1996). "These are the Stories that the Dogs Tell": Discourses of Identity and Difference in Ethnography and Science Fiction. Cultural Anthropology 11(1):88-118.

6.b. (July 23) film: [viewed: Aboriginal and New Zealand short films; Otama’iti]

6.b. secondary:

Morris, R. C. (1996). "Anthropology in the Body Shop: Lords of the Garden, Cannibalism, and the Consuming Desires of Televisual Anthropology." American Anthropologist 98(1): 137-150.

6.c. (July 24) literature:

Wendt, Albert (1996). Tatauing the Postcolonial Body. SPAN 42/43:15-29.

Subramani (1992). Preface. & Preface to Second Edition. South Pacific Literature: From Myth to Fabulation. Suva: Institute of Pacific Studies. Pp. ix-xx.

Sharrad, Paul (1993). Introduction. Readings in Pacific Literature. New Literatures Research Centre, University of Wollongong. Pp. 1-5.

Farber, Tom (1997). Partial Impressions. Wasafiri. 25 (Spring): 25-33.

6.c. secondary:

Wendt, Albert (1992) Black Rainbow. Auckland: Penguin Books. [reserve]

Pule, John (1992) The Shark that Ate the Sun. Auckland: Penguin Books. [reserve]

selection of poetry (list to be distributed)

[Subject: Cultural Studies; Pacific/Comparative]

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