1995 Edwin W. Pauley Summer Program in Marine Biology

Biogeochemistry of Coral Reefs

June 15 - August 1, 1995

Recent research on the nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon metabolism of coral reef communities has demonstrated that the velocity of water flowing over coral reef communities increases the rate of exchange of these metabolites. The explanation for this result is that there are very thin layers of water adjacent to organisms that are depleted in concentration of metabolites (i.e., phosphate, ammonium, nitrate, carbon dioxide) compared to the bulk water. The diffusion of these substances through water acts as the resistance to transfer of the compounds between water and organisms. The metabolism of coral reef communities is thus controlled by physical processes, such as the concentration of metabolites in the incoming ocean water, water movement over the reef, and the turbulence in the water column.

This course was designed to give graduate students in coral reef studies an overall background in coral reef biogeochemistry and train them in laboratory and field techniques. Students were given an opportunity to conduct original research on the effects of water velocity and biogeochemistry of coral reefs. We had a very unique group of students and faculty. The background and training ranged from mechanical and electrical engineers to botanists and microbiologists.

 

FACULTY

Dr. Marlin Atkinson, Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, Manoa, USA
Dr. Robert Bilger, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sydney, Australia
Dr. Robert Carpenter, Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, USA
Dr. Donald Crosby, Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, USA
Dr. Paul Habestroh, Hawaii Pacific University, USA
Dr. Michelle Okihiro, Department of Ocean Engineering, University of Hawaii, Manoa, USA
Dr. Frank Sansone, Oceanography Department, University of Hawaii, Manoa, USA
Dr. Florence Thomas, Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, Manoa, USA
Dr. Susan Williams, Department of Biology, San Diego State University, USA
note: lead faculty in bold

 

STUDENT PARTICIPANTS
Mark Baird, Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Manoa, USA
Alex Cheroske, Department of Biology, California State University, San Diego, USA
Patrick Demers, Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Manoa, USA
Patrick Ewanchuk, Department of Biology, California State University, San Diego, USA
Jim Falter, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
Tamar Feldstein, Ecology Department, Hebrew University, Israel
Eric Hochberg, Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Manoa, USA
Aziz Isham, Hunter College High School, USA
Etharij Kannapiran, Center of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annalmalai University, India
Scott Larned, Zoology Department, University of Hawaii, Manoa, USA
Stacy Longemore, Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, USA
Francesca Marubini, Zoology Department, Glasgow University, UK
Barbara Robson, Department of Geography and Oceanography, Australian Defense Force Academy, Australia
Ann Tarrant, Department of Marine Science, University of Miami, USA
Eric Treml, Marine Biology Department, College of Charleston, USA

 

STAFF and VOLUNTEERS
Catherine Combelles, University of Hawaii, Manoa, USA
Jim Fleming, USA
Aziz Isham, Hunter College High School, USA

 

PROGRAM REPORT

Atkinson MJ (1995) Biogeochemistry of coral reefs: Final report of the 1995 Edwin W. Pauley Summer Program in Marine Biology. Kaneohe, Hawaii. 35 pp. (Download the report here)

 

PHOTO GALLERY

Coming soon. Please send any scanned photos from the Pauley Summer Program to erik.franklin@hawaii.edu.

 

PUBLICATIONS

A list of publications that directly or indirectly resulted from scientific concepts, training, or research experiences during the Pauley Summer Program.

  1. Amsbery, L., Baker, M. A., P. J. Ewanchuk, and M. D. Bertness. 2000. Clonal integration and the expansion of Phragmites australis. Ecological Applications 10: 1110-1118.
  2. Atkinson S, Atkinson MJ, Tarrant AM. (2003) Estrogens from sewage in the coastal marine environment. Environmental Health Perspectives 111(4): 531-535,
  3. Baird, M. E., M. Roughan, R. W. Brander, J. H. Middleton and G. J. Nippard (2004) Mass transfer limited nitrate uptake on a coral reef flat, Warraber Island, Torres Strait, Australia. Coral reefs. 23:386-396.
  4. Baird, M. E. and M. J. Atkinson (1997) Measurement and prediction of mass transfer to experimental coral reef communities. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42: 1685-1693.
  5. Bertness, M. D. and P. J. Ewanchuk. (2002). Latitudinal and climate driven variation in the strength of salt marsh plant competition and facilitation. Oecologia 132: 392-401.
  6. Bertness, M. D., G. C Trussell, P. J. Ewanchuk, and B. R. Silliman. (2002). Do alternate stable community states exist in the Gulf of Maine rocky intertidal zone? Ecology 83: 34334-3448.
  7. Bertness M. D., P. J. Ewanchuk, and B. R. Silliman. (2002). Anthropogenic modification of New England salt marsh landscapes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. 99: 1395-1398.
  8. Bertness, M. D., G. C. Trussell, P. J. Ewanchuk, B. R. Silliman, and C. Mullan. (2004) Consumer Controlled Alternate Community States on Gulf of Maine Rocky Shores. Ecology: 85: 1321 /1331.
  9. Bertness, M. D. G. C. Trussell, P. J. Ewanchuk, and B. R. Silliman. (2004) Do alternate stable states exist in the Gulf of Maine rockyintertidal zone? A reply.  / Ecology 85: 1165 /1167
  10. DeWreede, R. E., Ewanchuk, P., and F. Shaughnessy. 1992.  Wounding, healing and survivorship in three kelp species. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 82: 259-266.
  11. Ebert, T. A., S. L Williams and P. J. Ewanchuk. (2002). Mortality estimates from age distributions: Critique of a method used to study seagrass dynamics. Limnol. Oceanogr. 47: 600-603.
  12. Emery, N. C., P. J. Ewanchuk, and M. D. Bertness. 2001. Competition and salt-marsh plant zonation: Stress tolerators may be dominant competitors. Ecology 82: 2471-2485
  13. Ewanchuk, P. J. 1995. Population growth of eelgrass (Zostera marina L.): The relative importance of sexual versus asexual reproduction. MS Thesis. San Diego State University. pp. 149.
  14. Ewanchuk, P. J., and S. L. Williams. 1996. Survival and re-establishment of vegetative fragmentation of eelgrass (Zostera marina L.). Can. J. Bot. 74: 1584-1590.
  15. Ewanchuk, P. J. and M. D. Bertness. (2003). Recovery of a northern New England salt marsh plant community from winter icing. Oecologia 136: 616-626.
  16. Ewanchuk, P. J. (2003). The Ecology of Northern New England Salt Marsh Plant Communities. Dissertation, Brown University, pp. 198.
  17. Ewanchuk, P. J. and M. D. Bertness. (2004) The role of waterlogging in maintening forb pannes in Northern New England salt marshes. Ecology, 85: 1568-1574.
  18. Ewanchuk, P. J. and M. D. Bertness. (2004) Structure and organization of a northern New England salt marsh plant community. Journal of Ecology, 92: 72-85.
  19. Leonard, G. H., P. J. Ewanchuk, and M. D. Bertness. 1999. How recruitment, intraspecific interactions, and predation control species borders in a tidal estuary. Oecologia 118:492-502.
  20. Tarrant AM (1999) UH Oceanography MS thesis
  21. Tarrant AM (2002) UH Oceanography PhD dissertation
  22. Tarrant AM, Atkinson MJ, Atkinson S. 2004. Effects of steroidal estrogens on coral growth and reproduction. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 269: 121-129.
  23. Tarrant AM, Blomquist C, Lima P, Atkinson S, Atkinson MJ. 2003 Metabolism of androgens and estrogens by reef building corals Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B. Biochemistry 136(3): 473-485,
  24. Tarrant AM, Atkinson MJ, Atkinson S. 2001. Uptake of estrone from the water column by a coral community. Marine Biology 139:321-325
  25. Tarrant AM, Atkinson S, Atkinson MJ. 1999. Estrone and estradiol-17b concentration in tissue of the scleractinan coral, /Montipora verrucosa/. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A. Physiology 122: 85-92
  26. Trussell, G. C., P. J. Ewanchuk, and M. D. Bertness. (2002). Field evidence of trait-mediated indirect interactions in a rocky intertidal food web. Ecology Letters 5: 241-245.
  27. Trussell, G. C., P. J. Ewanchuk, and M. D. Bertness. (2003). Trait-mediated effects in rocky intertidal food chains: Predator risk cues alter prey feeding rates. Ecology 84: 629-640.
  28. Trussell, G. C., P. J. Ewanchuk, M. D. Bertness, B. R. Silliman. (2004) Trophic cascades in rocky shore tide pools: distinguishing lethal and nonlethal effects. Oecologia, 139: 427-432.
  29. Trussell, G. C., P. J. Ewanchuk, Catherine M. Matassa. 2006. The fear of being eaten reduces energy transfer in a simple food chain. Ecology 87: 2979–2984
  30. Trussell, G.eoffrey C., Patrick J. Ewanchuk and Catherine M. Matassa. 2006. Habitat effects on the relative importance of trait and density-mediated indirect interactions. Ecology Letters, 9: 1245–1252
  31. Trussell, Geoffrey C., Patrick J. Ewanchuk and Catherine M. Matassa 2008.  Resource Identity Modifies the Influence of Predation Risk on Ecosystem Function. Ecology, 89: 2798 – 2807
  32. Trussell, Geoffrey C. and Patrick J. Ewanchuk. 2007. Predator Avoidance.  Encyclopedia of Tide Pools and Rocky Shores. S.D. Gaines, M.W. Denny (eds.). University of California Press.

 

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