Using Magnetic Resonance Techniques to Study the Brain and Brain Diseases

Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, 1356 Lusitana Street, University Tower, 7^th Floor, Honolulu, HI 96813

E-mail: tmernst@hawaii.edu

Thomas Ernst, Ph.D.

Professor

Phone: (808) 585-5153               fax: (808) 585-5160

EDUCATION

1979 -    Dept. of Physics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg (FRG)

1983

 

1983 -    Diploma Thesis in Physics, Division of High Energy

1985       Physics, Dept. of Physics, University of Freiburg (FRG)

 

1983 -     Fellowship in ´High Energy Muon Scattering´

1985  European Muon Collaboration (EMC), CERN, Geneva, CH

 

1987 -     Ph.D. in Physics

1990       University Hospital Freiburg (FRG), MR Center,

              and University of Freiburg, Dept. of Physics 

 

PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS

International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

American Academy of Neurology

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCES

June 04 – present             Professor of Medicine

                                       Department of Medicine

                                       John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i

 

Sep 00 – June 04               Full Scientist

                                       Director, Medical Physics

                                       Brookhaven National Laboratory

 

May 94 – Aug 00                Assistant Professor in Residence

                                       Departments of Radiology and Neurology

                                       UCLA School of Medicine

 

May 99 - 2001                   Chairman, ISMRM Study Group on “Magnetic Resonance in Drug
                                       Research”

 

1996 - 1998                      Member, Spectroscopy Technical Advisory Board, General Electric                                                Medical Systems

 

Feb 93 - April 94                Senior Research Scientist

                                       MR Center, University Hospital Freiburg, FRG

 

Oct 92 - Oct 93                  Visiting Associate

                                       California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA

 

Jan 91 - Jan 93                  Post-Doctoral Fellow

                                       Director: Brian D. Ross, MD, Ph.D.

                                       Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA

 

REVIEWER FOR SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS AND SOCIETIES

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research

American Journal of Psychiatry

Annals of Neurology

Applied Magnetic Resonance

Archives of Neurology

Biological Psychiatry

Biological Psychiatry: Neuroimaging

IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging

International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM)

Journal of Magnetic Resonance

Journal of Neurochemistry

Liver Transplantation and Surgery

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (MRM)

Magnetic Resonance Materials (MAG*MA)

Medical Physics

NeuroImage

Neurology

Psychopharmacology

The Breast

 

REVIEWER FOR GRANT AWARDING INSTITUTIONS

Feb. 99                Reviewer for NIH/NINDS Special Emphasis Panel

April 99                Reviewer for NIH/NIMH Special Emphasis Panel

April 2000            Chair, NIH/NINDS Special Emphasis Panel

May 2001            Reviewer for DOE SBIR program

June 2001           Reviewer for NIMH Special Emphasis Panel

Jan. 2002            Reviewer for NCRR Special Emphasis Panel

June 2002           Reviewer, "Neuroimaging technology development to assess brain and
  behavior in pediatric populations" initiative.

CURRICULUM VITAE:

SECLECTED PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS

Ernst T, Hennig J, Ott H:  The importance of the voxel size in clinical spectroscopy of the human brain.  NMR Biomed 2:216-224, 1989.

Ernst T, Hennig J:  Double-volume ¹H spectroscopy with interleaved acquisitions using tilted gradients.  Magn Res Med 20:27-35, 1991.

Ernst T, Hennig J:  Coupling effects in volume selective ¹H spectroscopy of major brain metabolites.  Magn Res Med 21:82-96, 1991.

Ernst T, Ross B, Flores R:  Cerebral MRS in infant with suspected Reye's Syndrome.  The Lancet 340:486, 1992.

Hennig J, Pfister H, Ernst T, Ott D:  Direct absolute quantification of metabolites in the human brain with in vivo localized proton spectroscopy.  NMR Biomed 5:193-199, 1992.

Ernst T, Kreis R, Ross BD:  Absolute quantitation of water and metabolites in the human brain; Part I:  compartments and water.  J Magn Res B102:1-8, 1993.

Kreis R, Ernst T, Ross BD:  Absolute quantitation of water and metabolites in the human brain; Part II: metabolite concentrations.  J Magn Res B102:9-19, 1993.

Kreis R, Ernst T, Ross BD:  Development of the human brain:  in vivo quantification of metabolite and water content with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.  Magn Res Med 3:424-437, 1993.

Miller B.L, Moats R, Shonk T, Ernst T, Wooley S, Ross B.D, Alzheimer Disease: Depiction of Increased Cerebral Myo-Inositol with Proton MR Spectroscopy, Radiology 187, 433 – 437, 1993.

Ernst T, Lee JH, Ross BD:  Direct ³¹P imaging in human limb and brain.  J Comp Assist Tomogr 17:673-680, 1993.

Ernst T, Hennig J:  Observation of a fast response in functional MR.  Magn Res Med 31:146-149, 1994.

Ernst T, Hennig J:  Improved water suppression for localized in vivo ¹H spectroscopy.  J Magn Res B106:181-186, 1995.

Chang L, Ernst T, Poland RE, Jenden DJ:  In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the normal aging human brain.  Life Sci 58:2049-2056,1996.

Ernst T, Chang L:  Elimination of artifacts in short echo time ¹H MR spectroscopy of the frontal lobe. Magn Reson Med 36:462-468,1996.

Ernst T, Chang L, Melchor R, Mehringer C.M, Fronto-Temporal Dementia and Early Alzheimer Disease: Differentiation with Frontal Lobe ¹H MR Spectroscopy, Radiology 203, 829-836, 1997.

Itti L, Chang L, Mangin JR, Darcourt J, Ernst T:  Robust multimodality registration for neuroimaging. Human Brain Mapping 5: 3-17,1997.

Ernst T, Chang L, Melchor R: Fronto-temporal dementia and early Alzheimer Disease: Differentiation with frontal lobe ¹H MR spectroscopy.  Radiology 203: 829-836,1997.

Itti L, Chang L, Ernst T, Mishkin F: High-resolution 3D correction for partial volume effects in functional neuroimaging. Human Brain Mapping 5: 379-388,1997.

Chang L, Ernst T, Osborn D, Seltzer W, Leonido-Yee M, Poland R: Correlation of cerebral metabolite abnormalities with trinucleotide repeats in myotonic dystrophy. Archives of Neurology, 1998; 55:305-311.

Ernst T, Chang L, Itti L, Speck, O, Correlation of regional cerebral blood flow from perfusion MRI and SPECT in normal subjects, Magnetic Resonance Imaging 1999;17(3):349-354.

Ernst T, Chang L, Witt M, Aronow H, Cornford M, Walot I, McBride D, Goldberg M: Cerebral toxoplasmosis and lymphoma in AIDS: Perfusion MR imaging experience in 13 patients. Radiology 1998;208(3):663-669.

Chang L, Ernst T, Leonido-Yee M, Walot I, Singer E.  Cerebral metabolite abnormalities correlate with clinical severity of HIV-1 cognitive motor complex. Neurology 1999; 52:100-108.

Ernst T, Chang L, Witt M, Walot I, et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and HIV-associated white matter lesions in AIDS: Magnetization transfer MR imaging. Radiology 1999; 210:539-543.

Ernst T, Chang L, Walot I, Huff K. Physiologic MRI of a tumefactive multiple sclerosis lesion. Neurology1998;51:1486-88.

Speck O, Chang L, Itti L, Itti E, Ernst T.  Comparison of Static and Dynamic Perfusion MRI Techniques for the Measurement of Regional Cerebral Blood Volume. Magn Reson Med 1999; 41:1264-1268 (1999).

Ernst T, Speck O, Itti L, Chang L. Simultaneous Correction for Interscan Patient Motion and Geometric Distortion in Echo      Planar Imaging. Magn Reson Med 1999; 42:201-205 (1999).

Chang L, Ernst T, Speck O, Leonido-Yee M. Perfusion MRI Detects rCBF Abnormalities in Early Stages of HIV-Cognitive Motor Complex.  Neurology 2000; 54:389-396.

Ernst T, Chang L, Leonido-Yee M, Speck O.  Evidence for Long-Term Neurotoxicity Associated with Methamphetamine Abuse: A ¹H MRS Study. Neurology 2000; 54:1344-1349.

Ernst T, Chang L, Oropilla G, Gustavson A, Speck O.  Cerebral Perfusion Abnormalities in Abstinent Cocaine Abusers: A Perfusion MRI and SPECT Study.   Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 2000; 99: 63-74.

Speck O, Chang L, DeSilva M, Ernst T. Perfusion MRI of the Human Brain with Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast: Gradient Echo versus Spin Echo Techniques, J Magn Reson Imaging 2000; 12:381-387.

Ernst T, Itti E, Itti L, Chang L. Changes in Cerebral Metabolism are Detected Prior to Perfusion Changes in Early HIV-CMC: A Coregistered ¹H MRS and SPECT Study, J Magn Reson Imaging 2000;12:859-865.

Smith LM, Chang L, Yonekura ML, Grob C, Osborn D, Ernst T, Brain Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Children Exposed to Methamphetamine In Utero, Neurology 2001; 57:255-260.

Speck O, Ernst T, Chang L.  Multi Gradient Echo Acquisition Techniques for fMRI: Advantages of Bi-Exponential Modeling. Magn Reson Med 45, 1116-1121 (2001).

Chang L, Speck O, Miller E, Braun A, Jovicich J, Itti L, Ernst T.  Neural Correlates Of Attention And Working Memory Deficits In Patients With HIV-1. Neurology 57, 1001-1007 (2001).

Jovicich J, Peters RJ, Koch C, Braun J, Chang L, Ernst T, Brain Areas Specific for Attentional Load in a Motion Tracking Task, J Cognitive Neuroscience 13, 1048-1058 (2001).

Ernst T, Chang L, Cooray D, Salvador C, Jovicich J, Walot I, Boone K, Chlebowski R.T, The Effects of Tamoxifen and Estrogen on Brain Metabolism in Elderly Women, Journal of National Cancer Institute 94(8):592-7 (2002).

Chang L, Ernst T, Witt M, Ames N, Jocivich J, Speck O, Gaiefsky M, Walot I, Miller E.  Relationships Among Cerebral Metabolites, Cognitive Function and Viral Loads in Antiretroviral-Naïve HIV Patients. NeuroImage 2002;17:1638-1648

Ernst T, Chang L, Jovicich J, Ames N, Arnold S, Abnormal Brain Activation on Functional MRI in Cognitively Asymptomatic HIV Patients, Neurology 2002; 59: 1343-1349.

Tomasi D, Ernst T. Echo planar imaging at 4 Tesla with minimum acoustic noise.J Magn Reson Imaging 2003;18:128-30.

Ernst T, Chang L, Arnold S, Increased Glial Markers Predict Increased Working Memory Network Activation in HIV patients.  NeuroImage 2003;19(4):1686-93

Caparelli EC, Tomasi D, Arnold S, Chang L, Ernst T. “k-Space based summary motion detection for functional magnetic resonance imaging”.  Neuroimage 2003 Oct;20(2):1411-8.

Keller M, Venkatraman TN, Thomas A, Deveikis A, LoPresti C, Hayes J, Berman N, Walot I, Padilla , Johnston-Jones J, Ernst T, Chang L.  Altered Neurometabolite Development in HIV-infected Children: Correlation with Neuropsychological Tests. Neurology 2004; 62:1810-1817.

Chang L, Arnold S, Tomasi D, Caparelli EC, Zimmerman L, Cloak C, Ernst T.  Adaptation of the Attention Network in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Brain Injury. Annals of Neurology 2004;56:259-272.

Zhong K,  Ernst T, Localized In Vivo Human  ¹H MRS at Very Short Echo Times, Magn Reson Med 52(4):898-901 (2004).

Cloak C, Chang L, Ernst T.  Increased Frontal White Matter Diffusion is Associated with Glial Metabolites and Psychomotor Slowing in HIV. Journal of Neuroimmunology 2004;157(1-2):147-152.

Wang GJ, Chang L, Volkow ND, Telang F, Logan J, Ernst T, Fowler J.  Decreased brain dopamine transporters in patients with HIV-associated dementia. Brain 2004 Nov;127(Pt 11):2452-8.

Chang L, Ernst T, Speck O, Grob C.  Additive Effects of HIV and Chronic Methamphetamine Use on Brain Metabolite Abnormalities.  American Journal of Psychiatry 2005;162(2):1-9.

Tomasi D, Chang L, Caparelli EC, Telang F, Ernst T. Acoustic noise interferes with working memory in HIV-patients.  Annals of Neurology (in press)

Kim J, Zhu W, Chang L, Bentler PM, Ernst T. Multi-Subject, Multivariate Path Analysis of Functional MRI Data. Human Brain Mapping (in revision)