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Arch Intern Med 2000 Apr 24;160(8):1154-8

Serum lipid effects of a high-monounsaturated fat diet based on macadamia nuts. [Title of article]

Curb JD, Wergowske G, Dobbs JC, Abbott RD, Huang B [authors]

Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii
at Manoa, Honolulu 96817, USA. curb@phri.hawaii-health.com.  [Author affiliation field]

  BACKGROUND: Recent studies have identified potential beneficial effects of
eating nuts, most of which have substantial amounts of monounsaturated fats.
Macadamia nuts are 75% fat by weight, 80% of which is monounsaturated.
OBJECTIVE: To examine variations in serum lipid levels in response to a
high-monounsaturated fat diet based on macadamia nuts. METHODS: A randomized
crossover trial of three 30-day diets was conducted in 30 volunteers aged 18 to
53 years from a free-living population. Each was fed a "typical American" diet
high in saturated fat (37% energy from fat); an American Heart Association Step
1 diet (30% energy from fat); and a macadamia nut-based monounsaturated fat diet
(37% energy from fat) in random order. Serum total cholesterol, high-density
lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were measured. RESULTS: Mean
total cholesterol level after the typical American diet was 5.20 mmol/L (201
mg/dL). After the Step 1 diet and the macadamia nut diet, total cholesterol
level was 4.99 mmol/L (193 mg/dL) and 4.95 mmol/L (191 mg/dL), respectively.
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was 3.37 mmol/L (130 mg/dL) (typical
diet), 3.21 mmol/L (124 mg/dL) (Step 1 diet), and 3.22 mmol/L (125 mg/dL)
(macadamia nut diet). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was 1.43 mmol/L
(55 mg/dL) (typical), 1.34 mmol/L (52 mg/dL) (Step 1), and 1.37 mmol/L (53
mg/dL) (macadamia nut). Lipid values after the Step 1 and macadamia nut diets
were significantly different from those after the typical diet (P<.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The macadamia nut-based diet high in monounsaturated fat and the
moderately low-fat diet both had potentially beneficial effects on cholesterol
and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels when compared with a typical
American diet.                                                            [Author abstract]

Publication Types:

    Clinical trial
    Randomized controlled trial
           [Publication type--Describes the type of material the article represents (e.g., Review,
                    Clinical Trial, Retracted Publication, Letter)
MeSH Terms:
           [MESH = Medical Subject Headings
                                    *  major point of article
                                    /   indicates that a subheading is used for more specificity]
     MeSH Terms:

    Adolescence
    Adult
    Cholesterol/blood
    Cross-Over Studies
    Dietary Fats, Unsaturated/administration & dosage*
    Fats, Unsaturated
    Female
    Human
    Lipids/blood*
    Lipoproteins, HDL Cholesterol/blood
    Lipoproteins, LDL Cholesterol/blood
    Male
    Middle Age
    Nuts*
    Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    Triglycerides/blood
Substances:
Cholesterol
Triglycerides
Lipoproteins, LDL Cholesterol
Lipoproteins, HDL Cholesterol
Lipids
Fats, Unsaturated
PMID: 10789609, UI: 20248471
        [UI = unique identifier of this specific citation; PMID number is the identifier that was assigned before this record was actually indexed at the National Library of Medicine and subject headings (MESH) were added.]

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updated 6/4/00