Proposal for an Master of Art in Hawaiian Studies
from
The Kamakakuokalani Center for Hawaiian Studies
School of Hawaiian, Asian and Pacific Studies

  1. Objectives
    1. The Hawaiian Studies M.A. will meet a number of compelling international, national, state, community, and university needs that are either currently unmet or insufficiently addressed.
    2. Offering this degree through our Center will honor and insure the continuation of indigenous knowledge, acknowledging the value of such knowledge and its usefulness in contemporary society and legitimating the exploration of Native ways of knowing, classifying, and understanding.
    3. The creation of a graduate program will encourage both the students and the faculty to expand the world's knowledge of ancient and recent history in Hawai'i using Native sources, and Native literature. This program will set the standard for the burgeoning field of Indigenous studies worldwide.
    4. Inasmuch as it is expected that some of the students enrolling will be or will become primary, secondary, or community college instructors, the proposed graduate program complies with the mandate of the State constitution to significantly increase the quality and depth of Hawaiian Studies instruction Statewide.
  2. Relationship to the School, Campus, and University
    1. The proposed M.A. program in Hawaiian Studies at the University of Hawai'i at Manoa would be the very first graduate program in the world that focuses on Hawaiian culture, history, politics, and resource management.
    2. UH-Hilo's Ka Haka 'Ula 0 Ke'elikolani College of Hawaiian Language and Literature offers its Master's program entirely in Hawaiian and focuses on training Hawaiian Language Immersion Program teachers for grades K-12. Courses in the proposed M.A. program will be taught in both in English and Hawaiian and graduates will pursue doctoral degrees and/or professions in many diverse fields, including teaching in the Hawaiian Immersion program.
    3. The proposed M.A. program in Hawaiian Studies plans to develop a Comparative Polynesian and Indigenous Studies focus that will expand existing fields of study, increase Hawaiian scholarship and publications in the field, and enhance connections between Hawaiian academics and other indigenous scholars worldwide.
    4. Providing an M.A. program in Hawaiian culture and history will promote understanding of things Hawaiian among non-Hawaiians, provide another avenue for the self-improvement and professional development of Native Hawaiians, and develop leadership in the community.
    5. The program will address crucial state interests through its focus on such issues as sustainable economic development and training students in land and resource management that is consistent with the geography and history of these islands.
    6. The program will supply appropriate education to professionals in government, law, criminal justice, education, social work and various health fields by addressing the needs of Native Hawaiians. Native Hawaiians make up the bulk of the prison population in Hawaii, they have the poorest health, as well as the highest levels of infant mortality, drug abuse and family violence.
    7. The degree program will provide a profound education in Hawaiian culture and Hawai'i, giving these professionals a Hawaiian sense of place in their approach to business, tourism, and government, thus keeping Hawai'i Hawaiian. In fact, many professionals in health, social work, education and related fields need specialized knowledge of Hawaiian history and culture in order to adequately serve communities and educate students. Already, the Kamakakuokalani Center for Hawaiian Studies is increasing recruitment efforts among these professionals.
    8. Housed at the State's flagship University and research campus, the area-studies based Hawaiian Studies M.A. at Manoa will complement UH Hilo's M.A. in Hawaiian Language and Literature, as well as the anticipated M.A. in Hawaiian Language at UH Manoa.
    9. UHM's interdisciplinary program will offer a broad range of foci and research opportunities to students interested in pursuing Hawaiian-focused graduate studies. In partnership with UH Manoa's College of Education, Hawaiian Studies will continue to train at the graduate level curriculum developers and translators for Hawaiian Studies programs and other academic units throughout the State, albeit with a focus on English as the teaching medium.
    10. In every respect, the proposed M.A. program is appropriate, significant and relevant to the mission of the School of Hawaiian, Asian and Pacific Studies and the University of Hawai'i. Therefore, an M.A. in Hawaiian Studies will be a distinguished addition to the University of Hawai'i at Manoa.
  3. National and international needs which Hawai'i and the University can address with quality because of the Islands' unique resources.
    1. The program will meet national standards for cultural diversity, and multi-disciplinary studies in higher education, helping to address and rectify a history of social and cultural suppression of Native arts, sciences, history and languages in the United States.
    2. It will contribute to the studies of global de-colonization and human rights, especially with respect to Indigenous peoples.
    3. It will explore the relationship between global economic development and environmental degradation. It will continue the trend of exploring and developing international cultural and academic relationships with other Pacific Islanders.
    4. The University of Hawaii at Manoa's resources for the study of Hawai'i are unparalleled:
      1. Our Hawaiian Studies Bachelor of Arts Degree program enjoys an enviable reputation for quality and path-breaking scholarship, outreach programs, and research projects, curriculum development, teacher training and the production of educational materials.
      2. High quality archival resources in things Hawaiian, much of them still untapped, are conveniently located in Honolulu near the university. They include the Bishop Museum, the Hawaii State Archives, the Mission Houses Museum, the state Department of Land and Natural Resources, and the state Department of Hawaiian Home Lands, just to name a few. On the UH Manoa campus, Hamilton Library houses the Hawai'i-Pacific Collection, the largest repository of Polynesian materials in the world.

        Students in the M.A. program can work as Graduate Research Assistants for Hawaiian Studies faculty creating new Native Vision curriculum and video on Hawaiian cultural topics through the medium of English.

        Creation of this new curriculum is designed to reach and educate the 48,000 Hawaiian children currently in Hawai'i public schools not enrolled in Hawaiian Language Immersion Program Schools or Kamehameha Schools, where they benefit from enriched Hawaiian cultural curricula. This work will give students experience in developing curricula for Indigenous learners, an opportunity offered by few research universities in the United States.

      3. Our geographic location offers us an unparalleled diversity of endemic bird and insect species, microclimates, habitats and natural resources to study. Given the relative proximity of Hawaii's islands to each other, we also have unparalleled access to these resources. Students in our program can study the management of watersheds, forests or marine fisheries; aquaculture, agriculture or endangered species protection while based at UH Manoa.
      4. Our location in history and the Pacific also offers unique human and social resources. For decades, Hawai'i has rightly been to the world an example of a multi-cultural society. With access to the traditions and knowledge of so many cultures, our interdisciplinary programs will enjoy a depth of resources unmatched in the world.
  4. The M.A. program as a discipline enhancing other graduate programs at UH Manoa.
    1. The M.A. in Hawaiian Studies will provide the graduate courses needed to create nationally competitive doctoral programs with Hawai'i and Pacific emphases in areas such as: Anthropology, Archaeology, Botany, Biology, Business, Education, Environmental Science, Geography, Health and Medicine, Hawaiian Language, History, Indigenous Studies, Law, Geoscience, Marine Science, Music, Social Science, Social Work and Urban and Regional Planning.
    2. In partnership with the departments of Botany, Biology, Zoology, the College of Engineering, and the School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, the Hawaiian Studies M.A. will enable students to explore Hawaiian Science and traditional concepts such as malama 'aina, malama kai, kia'i 'aina and kia'i kai -- that is, the methods of caring for and guarding the resources of the land and sea. These students will become Hui Konohiki, a team of land and sea managers trained in both ancestral Hawaiian knowledge and Western science.
    3. In conjunction with the Art and Music departments, the new Hawaiian Studies M.A. will allow students to explore traditional Native art forms and music from a Native point of view in order to perpetuate those aspects of Hawaiian culture. In addition, since most Hawaiian children in "Special Ed" classes in the public schools are attracted and experienced in art or music, this program can provide appropriate teaching experiences for education majors.
    4. The M.A. program supports Indigenous graduate programs worldwide. As part of an emerging network of indigenous universities the Center for Hawaiian Studies M.A. program will increase opportunities for faculty, students, researchers and teachers, from Hawai'i and other Indigenous Nations, to share and increase their knowledge of Indigenous Peoples.
  5. Program Organization
    1. The Master of Arts Degree in Hawaiian Studies at the University of Hawai'i at Manoa will offer students the opportunity to pursue graduate studies in several aspects of Hawaiian Studies, including:
      • KUKULU AUPUNI: Envisioning the Nation
      • MO'OLELO KAHIKO: Native History and Literature
      • MALAMA 'AINA: Living in Harmony with the Land Resource Management:
      • HALAU 0 LAKA: Academy for Visual and Performing Arts
      • KUMU KAHIKI: Comparative Polynesian and Indigenous Studies
      However, only the first three will be initially offered due to resource limitations.
    2. Students will be required to complete a minimum of 33 credits of course work which must include 18 credits in courses numbered 600 and above. All students must have fourth-year Hawaiian language proficiency before completion of the M.A.
    3. Both Plan A Thesis and Plan B Non-thesis programs will be offered. Plan A candidates must complete six credit hours of Thesis 700. Plan B (non-thesis paper or visual and audio media) students will be required to pass written examinations in two fields. The examinations will be prepared by faculty members who are specialists in the field of study.
    4. Required core
      • HWST 601: Indigenous Methodologies for Graduate Research
      • HWST 602: Research in Hawaiian Archival sources
      • HWST 603: Survey of Literature on Hawai'i

      And one of the following:

      • HWST 604: Research Design and Thesis Preparation (Plan A Candidates)
      • HWST 694: Visual and Performance Art Design (Plan B students will take a course with a kumu kaiaulu expert in an Hawaiian artistic discipline)
      • HWST 695: A Practicum in Community Activism (Plan B Students electing a project-based accompaniment to their curriculum with a suitable community mentor)
    5. Corresponding to the concentrations above, the Center for Hawaiian Studies will offer graduate seminars along with current undergraduate and proposed graduate level courses. These fields will be further strengthened by offerings in other disciplines at Manoa.
    6. Fields and Courses

      Key to courses status:
      (P) = Proposed
      (IP) = Going through approval process
      (L) = To be proposed later.

      1. KUKULU AUPUNI: Envisioning the Nation

        (1) HWST 690: Hawaiian National Issues (P)
        (2) HWST 495: Kanawai: Western Law and Hawai'i
        (3) HWST 445: Hawaiian Institutions (IP)
        (4) AMST 613: Regionalism in America: the West
        (5) AMST 434: Politics in Hawai'i
        (6) EDEF 470: Ethnic Groups and Education in Hawai'i
        (7) ES 455C: Topics in Comparative Ethnic Conflict -- Hawaiian Sovereignty in Pacific Context
        (8) HAW 466: Kuleana Kula Kaiapuni
        (9) HIST 485: 20th Century Hawai'i
        (10) HIST 677: Seminar in the History of Hawai'i
        (11) LAW 581: Native Hawaiian Rights
        (12) POLS 682: Indigenous Politics
        (13) PACS 690: Change in the Pacific
        (14) SW 631: Social Work Practice in Communities and Organizations
        (15) SW 708: Social Work Practice with Peoples of Hawai'i
      2. MO'OLELO KAHIKO: Native History and Literature

        (1) HWST 640: Mo'olelo 'Oiwi and Western History (P)
        (2) ANTH 464: Hawaiian Archaeology
        (3) ANTH 485: Pre European Hawai'i
        (4) HAW 425 Mo'olelo Hawai'i
        (5) HAW 426: Ka'ao Hawai'i
        (6) HAW 445: Nupepa Hawai'i (currently listed as Haw 345)
        (7) HIST 484: The Hawaiian Kingdom
        (8) HIST 485: History of 20th Century Hawai'i
        (9) HIST 677: Seminar in the History of Hawai'i
      3. MALAMA 'AINA: Living in Harmony with the Land Resource Management.

        (1) HWST 650: Kuleana Konohiki: Seminar on Resource Mgmt.(P)
        (2) HWST 440: Mahele Land Awards
        (3) HWST 441: K a'i 'Aina Ceded Lands Inventory
        (4) HWST 456: Malama Kai Ocean Resource Management (IP)
        (5) HWST 462: Pana O'ahu
        (6) ANTH 645: Historic Preservation
        (7) ANTH 464: Hawaiian Archaeology
        (8) BOT 446: Hawaiian Ethnobotany
        (9) BOT 450: Natural History of the Hawaiian Islands
        (10) GEOG 728 Seminar in Resource Management in Asia-Pacific
        (11) GEOG 405: Water in the Environment
        (12) GEOG 326: Environment, Resources and Society
        (13) GEOG 314: Tropical Agrarian Systems
        (14) LAW 582: Environmental Law
        (15) PLAN 632: Planning in Hawai'i and Pacific Islands
      4. HALAU 0 LAKA: Hawaiian Academy for Visual and Performing Arts (To be introduced as resources permit)

        (1) HWST 670: Seminar on Creative Expressions and Indigenous World Views (L)
        (2) HWST 478: Mele Au Hou: Music and Native Hawaiian Identity
        (3) ART 389: Hawaiian Studio Art
        (4) GEOG 425: The Geography of Film
        (5) HAW 428: Ka 'Olelo Kalai'aina a Politika Hawai'i
        (6) HAW 484: Hawaiian Poetry
        (7) MUS 410B: Hawaiian Chorus
        (8) MUS 412: Hula/Chant Ensemble II
        (9) MUS 413: Hula/Chant Ensemble III
        (10) MUS 478B: Musical Cultures (Hawai'i)
        (11) MUS 670 (C): Regional Music -- Oceania
        (12) PACS 462: Drama and Theatre of Oceania
        (13) THEA 462: Drama and Theatre of Oceania
      5. KUMU KAHIKI: Comparative Polynesian and Indigenous Studies (To be introduced as resources permit)

        (1) HWST 680 (alpha): Seminar on Polynesian Society: (A) Tahiti, (B) Marquesas, (C) Samoa, (D) Tonga, (E) Maori, (F) Rapanui (L)
        (2) AMST 417: Native Peoples
        (3) AMST 440: Race and Racism in America
        (4) ANTH 470: Folklore
        (5) ES 392: Change in the Pacific -- Polynesia
        (6) GEOG 757: Research Seminar in Cultural Geography
        (7) GEOG 409: Cultural Biogeography
        (8) GEOG 321: Regional Analysis (of Hawai'i)
        (9) HIST 675D, HIST 675E: Reading Seminar on major themes and issues, 19th & 2Oth century respectively
        (10) HIST 481 - History of the Precolonial Pacific
        (11) HIST 482 - History of the Colonial and Postcolonial Pacific
        (12) HIST 495D - History in Oceania
        (13) HIST 675D - Seminar in 19th Century Pacific Islands History
        (14) HIST 675E - Seminar in 20th Century Pacific Islands History
        To be proposed later.
        (15) IP 427: Topics in Samoan Literature
        (16) PACS 691: Approaches to Pacific Islands Studies
    7. Admission requirements

      This M.A. will accommodate students with Bachelor's degrees in Hawaiian Studies and related disciplines, including Hawaiian Language, Pacific and/or Hawaiian History, Art, Music and Literature, Theatre and Dance, Language, Anthropology, Sociology, Geography, Political Science, Education, Cultural Studies, Environmental Studies, Botany, Astronomy, Business, and Travel Industry Management.

      The criteria for acceptance are:

      1. Demonstrated achievement and potential for graduate work. This includes college transcripts indicating a high level of achievement, letters of recommendation from scholars in the field, sample of scholarly writing and an original essay about their commitment to the field of study, highlighting past community, educational, political and research activities on behalf of Native Hawaiians and Hawaiian culture.
      2. Indication of an ability to work with Hawaiian language documents. Conditional acceptance of candidates will be offered with the expectation that students will make up the fourth year requirement by graduation.
      3. The graduate chair will convene a panel of faculty to consider applications. Students will submit the following documents to demonstrate they meet the above criteria:
        1. College transcripts.
        2. Three letters of recommendation.
        3. A sample of their scholarly writing and an essay on their commitment to the field of study that highlights past community, educational, political and research activities on behalf of Native Hawaiians and the Hawaiian culture.
        4. (GRE and other standardized test scores may be submitted but are not required.)
        5. (A CV or resume may also be submitted but not in lieu of either essay or sample of scholarly writing.)
        6. Finally, when two or more candidates are equally qualified and the program cannot accept all of them, the panel may interview applicants.
    8. Advising. The graduate faculty will share advising. The Graduate chair will consult with students and faculty to select the best matches.
    9. Applicants are anticipated from five general bodies:
      1. Hawaiian Studies' graduates. There have been 98 graduates this decade. A commonly asked question by graduates and majors is, "When will Hawaiian Studies offer a Graduate Degree?" Responding to a survey in 1999, 34 graduates and current majors said they intended to apply to the M.A. program when it begins.
      2. Native Hawaiians in the University of Hawai'i system. Currently, just under 9% of UH Manoa's classified undergraduates or 1,134 are Native Hawaiians. As many as 50 applications a year from could be received from this group of students.
      3. Graduates from related fields and subjects. A dozen or so applications may also be received from students who have graduated with degrees from other B.A. programs but intend to enter professions serving Native Hawaiians, such as social services or education, or professions that address Native Hawaiian issues or require expertise in Hawaiian culture.
      4. Professionals in Hawaiian-serving institutions. Employees of the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, Department of Hawaiian Home Lands, Queen Liliuokalani Children's Center, Alu Like Inc., Kamehameha Schools, Hawaiian health programs such as Ke Ola Mamo and the Native Hawaiian Legal Corporation will enter the program to deepen their expertise in Hawaiian culture.
      5. Pacific Islanders and foreign academics. In addition, there is interest among Pacific Islanders and other international academics for training in specialized fields that are of common interest, such as sustainable resource management in island environments, the process of decolonization, and indigenous studies.
  6. What resources are required for program implementation and first cycle operation?
    1. CURRENT CHS FACULTY (CVs attached) [NOT INCLUDED]
      1. LILIKALA KAME'ELEIHIWA, Professor; PhD in History, University of Hawai'i at Manoa (1986). Graduate Faculty.
      2. GEORGE TERRY KANALU YOUNG, Associate Professor; PhD in History, University of Hawai'i at Manoa (1995). Graduate Faculty.
      3. JONATHAN OSORIO, Interim Director and Associate Professor; PhD in History, University of Hawai'i at Manoa (1996). Graduate Faculty.
      4. CARLOS ANDRADE, Assistant Professor; PhD in Geography, Univ of Hawai'i at Manoa (2002).
      5. APRIL DREXEL, Acting Assistant Professor, MFA, Ph.D. Candidate in History(ADB), University of Hawai'i at Manoa.
      6. ROCHELLE PI'ILANI KA'ALOA, Acting Assistant Professor, M.Ed in Educational Technology, Ph.D Candidate in Education (Curriculum & Instruction)
      7. IVY MAILE ANDRADE, Assistant Professor, MFA in Art
      8. HAUNANI-KAY TRASK, Professor; PhD in Political Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison (1981). Graduate Faculty. (Dr. Trask will be available to teach undergraduate Hawaiian Studies courses, but has elected not to participate in the graduate program.)
    2. Library Resources (See attachment) [NOT INCLUDED]
    3. Additional Resources Required
      1. Based on our target groups we predict an estimated enrollment of at least thirty students over the next four years (Please see attached list of undergraduates who have indicated their intention to enroll). [NOT INCLUDED] As for our present capacities (with the anticipation of at least one new FTE this next year), we now have seven full-time professors (not including Dr. Trask) and one Director who teaches two courses per year. Collectively they will need to offer a minimum of four seminars each year, in addition to teaching their undergraduate load.

        In order to meet this demand and maintain the progress of our Baccalaureate major, we anticipate having to hire three additional assistant professors to teach courses now being taught by our current, full-time faculty, and to design the new areas of concentration in Phase II. We have recently filled a FTE assistant professor position in Hawaiian visual culture with a professor from the Art Department. The Center for Hawaiian Studies has been developing teaching assistants and instructors who are capable of qualifying for permanent faculty positions. There are now a core of six such individuals pursuing degrees at UH Manoa. In 2004 SHAPS included a request for 2.5 FTE for the Center for Hawaiian Studies to strengthen the proposed Graduate Degree Program.

      2. One key to a graduate program's success is its ability to offer teacher or research training to its candidates. Center for Hawaiian Studies currently offers its introductory course to over 1500 students per year (doubling over the past two years); about a quarter of these sections are taught by junior faculty and the other three quarters by lecturers and graduate teaching assistants.

        The Center for Hawaiian Studies plans to offer 10 teaching assistantships and two graduate assistantships each year. The Center anticipates, though it cannot guarantee, securing funding for those positions through such agencies as the Native Hawaiian Leadership Program, Kamehameha Schools and Office of Hawaiian Affairs and can point to successful pursuit of funding over the past five years. However we have also been in discussions with the Chancellor over all of these positions and have every reason to believe that we will be adequately funded.

        This fall, the Chancellor's Hawaiian Studies initiative provided 8 Teaching Assistants.

      3. The program anticipates needing a graduate secretary and summer overload for the graduate chair.
  7. How efficient will the program be?
    1. A seminar size of eight to 12 students is anticipated. At present, the Center for Hawaiian Studies Building, Kamakakuokalani has all the space needed for the proposed MA program. However, if the undergraduate program and the popularity of HWST 107 continues to grow, additional teaching space will be required.
    2. The proposed graduate program will increase the efficiency of existing programs by bringing a modest number of additional graduate students into existing advanced undergraduate (300 and 400 level) courses in the departments which now offer Hawai'i -related courses. Initially, the demand should fall within courses that do not close at capacity. If the demand in a few courses should exceed capacity, the long-term effect would be to encourage greater movement to increasing the number and expertise of faculty who are specialists in Hawaiian studies, which would undoubtedly be filled by some graduates of this program.
    3. Students in this program will also be taking graduate seminars in programs such as Pacific Islands Studies, Anthropology, Geography, Urban Planning, Political Science, Medicine, Social Work, Business, Law, Botany, Geoscience, History, Art, Music, Theatre and Dance, English, and Indo-Pacific Languages, as well as seminars in the Master of Arts in Hawaiian Language and Literature proposed at the University of Hawai'i-Manoa.
  8. Program Effectiveness.
    1. One measure of effectiveness will be the number of students who enter and complete the degree program, then begin careers. Tracking graduates' careers will be a very important task for the Center's administration. Because of their specific knowledge and background, it is anticipated that Hawaiian Studies graduates will have a great impact in their own professions.

      In the field of education, for example, it is expected that the presence of Hawaiian Studies M.A.s in the public school system will dramatically improve the quality and standing of Hawaiian arts and sciences. While this may not be an easily measurable outcome, one result will be a steady increase of applicants into our own program and into related disciplines at this university.

    2. With the addition of a graduate program, the department should become more competitive for grants, fellowships, and other types of awards.
    3. Graduates of the Hawaiian Studies Masters program will also fill the need for lecturers at Hawai'i's community colleges. Over the past decade, institutions in other parts of the Pacific, the United States and the world have steadily increased their offerings of Indigenous studies courses, and our students also will fill their need for qualified instructors.
  9. Assessment of Student Learning
    1. The Masters of Arts in Hawaiian Studies would not differ significantly from other academic disciplines in terms of requirements. Plan A, with its requirements of a 3.0 GPA and production of a satisfactory thesis, is virtually indistinguishable from any other academic program in the university. Plan B will require the student to pass written examinations in two fields, as well as produce a quality research paper, video or performance in some other medium as appropriate to the field.

      As a smaller unit, CHS is accustomed to continual review of our its curriculum and grading standards, and believes its students are held to the highest possible standards of academic achievement.

      At the same time CHS recognizes the need to set in place means of evaluating its graduate curriculum over time. As the fields of study are diverse and multi-disciplinary, preparing an exhaustive list of student competencies is not simple. Nevertheless, some of the clear competencies that every graduate should be able to demonstrate would include the following:

      1. Able to research and write a scholarly paper in English or Hawaiian;
      2. Able to produce in some other media (video, audio or website) some tool for transmitting knowledge of Native culture;
      3. Be thoroughly familiar with Native Hawaiian writers from the nineteenth century to the present;
      4. Be thoroughly familiar with all Native Hawaiian archival sources and how to access and use them effectively;
      5. Have a familiarity with traditional land and oceans resource manager
      6. Have a working knowledge of Indigenous scholars in the Pacific and elsewhere in literature, visual and performing arts, education and curriculum, land struggles and political activism;
      7. Be thoroughly conversant on the issues of native entitlements and sovereignty
    2. In addition to the competencies above, we have proposed a number of assessment tools including:
      1. Requiring a list of student learning outcomes in all new course proposals and basing semester student evaluations on those specific outcomes;
      2. Requiring a student exit exam before graduating;
      3. Offering either an entry and exit interview that is either video-taped or audio recorded;
      4. Encouraging or providing a digital portfolio for students to observe and measure their own academic growth;
      5. Developing rubrics (artistic criteria) for students in Performing and Visual Arts;
      6. Set up a faculty board to do a periodic broad survey of student writing samples; and
      7. Post-graduate surveys to track students' employments and achievements.
  10. How will effectiveness of the program be demonstrated? As for assessment of the program's effectiveness, CHS believes that exit interviews and surveys alone cannot tell the department whether or not the curriculum and training are useful. Therefore exit surveys combined with rigorous follow-up and career tracking will be employed. Such tracking is feasible in small academic units with specific missions. Also, the nature of the Hawaiian community facilitates such follow-ups.

APPENDIX

  1. COOPERATING GRADUATE FACULTY
    1. ANTHROPOLOGY/ARCHAEOLOGY:
      Dr. Michael Graves
      Dr. Terry Hunt
      Dr. Ben Finney - emeritus
    2. ART:
      Maile Andrade, M.F.A. in Fiber Arts and Ceramics
      Kaili Chun, MFA in Ceramic and Expanded Arts
    3. BOTANY:
      Dr. Kim Bridges
      Dr. Will McClatchey
      Dr. Isabella Abbott
    4. BUSINESS:
      Manu Ka'iama, M.A.
    5. EDUCATION:
      Dr. Kern-Ann Hewitt
      Dr. Julie Ka'omea
      Dr. Margie Maaka
    6. ENGINEERING:
      Dr. Tep Dobry
    7. ENGLISH:
      Dr. Cristina Bacchilega
      Dr. Craig Howes
    8. GEOGRAPHY:
      Dr. Brian Murton
      Dr. Everett Wingert
      Dr. Lyndon Wester
      Dr. Jon Goss
      Dr. Krisnawati Suryanata
    9. HAWAIIAN LANGUAGE:
      Dr. No'eau Warner
      Dr. Emily Hawkins
    10. HISTORY:
      Dr. David Chappell
    11. LAW
      Dr. Lawrence Foster
      Dr. Denise Antolini
      Dr. John Van Dyke
      Casey Jannon
    12. LIBRARY SCIENCES
      Lynn Davis
      Joan Hon
      Done Minatodani
    13. MEDICINE:
      Dr. Nanette Judd, Ph.D. in Medical Geography
      Dr. Healani Chang
    14. MUSIC:
      Kimo Alama Keaulana, Instructor at Hawaiian Studies at HCC
      Victoria Holt Takamine, Instructor of Music at UHM
      Dr. Amy Stillman, Ph.D. in Ethnomusicology [Harvard], Director of Asian & Pacific Studies, University of Michigan
    15. OCEAN SCIENCE:
      Dr. Barry Raleigh
      Dr. Gordon Grau
      Dr. Malia Chow
      Dr. Judith Vergun (Oregon State)
    16. PACIFIC ISLAND STUDIES:
      Dr. David Hanlon
      Dr. Vilsoni Hereniko
      Dr. Terrence Wesley-Smith
    17. POLITICAL SCIENCE:
      Dr. Noenoe Silva
      Dr. Deane Neubauer
    18. SOCIAL WORK:
      Dr. Jon Matsuoka
      Dr. Valli Kanuha
    19. URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING:
      Dr. Luciano Minerbi
      Dr. Karl Kim
      Steve Takata
      Lynnette Cruz
  2. KUMU KAIAULU [ RESOURCES]:
    Robert Cazimero, Kumu Hula, Kumu Oli
    Leina'ala Kalama Heine, Kumu Hula, Kumu Oli
    John Keola Lake, Kumu Hula, Kumu Oli
    Edith McKenzie, M.A. in Pacific Studies
    Nalani Olds, Hawaiian Musician
    Nainoa Thompson, Master Navigator
    Kawika Trask, Hawaiian Musician
  3. CHS POOL OF INSTRUCTORS AND LECTURERS:
    Noelani Goodyear Ka'opua, Instructor of Hawaiian Studies, Ph.D. Candidate in History of Consciousness, B.A. in Hawaiian Studies
    Levon Ohai, Instructor Of Hawaiian Studies, M.A. Education
    Wendell Kekailoa Perry, Instructor of Hawaiian Studies, Juris Doctor, BA. in Hawaiian Studies
    Leilani Basham, Summer Lecturer in HWST 107, MA. Candidate in History, B.A. in Hawaiian Studies
    Pomaika'i Kaniaupio-Crozier, Lecturer in HWST 297, B.A. in Hawaiian Studies
    Kuuipo Cummings, Lecturer in HWST 107, M.A. Candidate in Pacific Island Studies, B.A. in Hawaiian Studies
    Kapa Oliveira, Summer Lecturer in HWST 107, Ph.D. Candidate in Geography, M.A. in Geography, B.A. in Hawaiian Studies
    Manuwai Peters, Summer Lecturer in HWST 107, M.A. in Education, BA. in Hawaiian Studies
    Thomas Pohaku Stone, Lecturer in HWST 107, M.A. in Pacific Islands Studies, B.A. in Hawaiian Studies
  4. STATEMENTS FROM AFFECTED PROGRAMS AT UHM
    1. Lawrence Foster, Former Dean, School of Law

      The School of Law believes that a Hawaiian Studies Graduate Program would be very beneficial. We currently do not have a direct academic relationship with Hawaiian Studies because we are a post-baccalaureate program.

      An M.A. degree in Hawaiian Studies would allow a number of our students who are interested in Hawaiian Studies to pursue a dual degree (JD/M.A.) in that area. We would also hope that students upon completion of the M.A. might spark the interest of some students to then go on and pursue a JD.

      A number of our courses touch upon Native Hawaiian legal issues and some of the MA. students might wish to enroll in those courses.

    2. Dr. David Hanlon former Graduate Chair, Department of History, and now Director of Pacific Islands Studies.

      The Department of History offers graduate-level courses and seminars in Hawaiian, Pacific, World, American, Asian, European and other relevant fields of history. We have the resources and personnel to provide students in the Hawaiian Studies graduate program with a broad historical perspective on their individual course of study as well as a sensitivity to the varieties and politics of historical practice in the larger Oceanic region and beyond.

      We welcome the opportunity to contribute in meaningful and significant ways to this exciting new graduate program. We think too that our own Department, and indeed the broader study of history at this university, will be enriched by interaction with the students and faculty of the Center for Hawaiian Studies' M.A. program.

      These are exciting, vital and extremely important times for the study of Hawaiian history, culture and language. Interest is high and there exists a large potential constituency for the proposed graduate program in Hawaiian Studies.

      We here in the Department of History feel quite strongly that the approval and implementation of this proposed program will have immediate intellectual as well as practical benefits for the University of Hawai'i, its students and the larger community beyond. We are happy to give it our enthusiastic endorsement.

    3. Dr. Will McClatchey, Assistant Professor, Department of Botany

      I am excited about the development of an M.A. program within the Center for Hawaiian Studies. As the flagship of the University of Hawai'i system, the Manoa campus should have the leading graduate training programs in Hawai'i. This should particularly be true of graduate programs that are unique to Hawai'i such as Hawaiian Studies.

      Throughout the formation and existence of the Hawaiian Studies undergraduate program, students pursuing degrees in Hawaiian Studies have taken courses offered by the Department of Botany. These courses have primarily included: BOT 101 Introductory Botany, BOT 105 Introductory Ethnobotany, BOT 350 Resource Management and Conservation in Hawai'i, BOT 351 Flowering Plant Families, BOT 410/410L Plant Anatomy, BOT 446 Hawaiian Ethnobotany, and BOT 450 Natural History of Hawaiian Islands. Individual students have also received training in individual research projects through BOT 399.

      The students from Hawaiian Studies with whom we have worked have usually ranked among the highest in these courses. The Hawaiian Studies Program is perceived by us as selecting and retaining quality students who are trained in intellectual rigor. By the end of their studies they are not only savvy about Hawaiian culture, values and life, but have also received a solid foundation in diverse studies that rank their skills with those provided through most other degree programs.

      Because of this solid background and the ongoing participation in our courses, we have regularly accepted students into our Botany MS and PhD program with bachelors degrees in Hawaiian Studies. Currently we have four (of 51) graduate students pursuing MS and PhD degrees in Botany who earned their BA in Hawaiian Studies. Each of these students works hard and reflects well on our program and their individual backgrounds in Hawaiian Studies.

      How a Hawaiian Studies graduate program will affect the Botany program

      The Ethnobotany Graduate Program in the Department of Botany is growing in number of students and faculty. As this is occurring we are actively seeking to develop strong ties with collaborating disciplines in other units of the University and community at large.

      Key among these relationships is development of long-term collaboration with the Center for Hawaiian Studies particularly in areas where we can augment each other's strengths. This relationship is currently lop-sided with Botany having all of the graduate students and each having a mixture of undergraduate students. This situation hinders the collateral development of higher intellectual discussions and collaborations that so often develop among graduate students whose faculty advisors are working together.

      Development of the M.A. program will allow both of our departments to move to higher levels in discussion and understanding of overlapping areas of interest in Hawaiian culture, botanical environments, and conservation. Although, Botany is currently able to recommend that our undergraduate students enroll in Hawaiian Studies courses, we are not able to enroll our graduate students in advanced Hawaiian Studies courses because they are not being offered at a graduate level.

      The Ethnobotany Program in particular suffers from a shortage of courses taught from Hawaiian perspectives about Hawaiian culture and knowledge. We hope that new courses taught for the Center for Hawaiian Studies M.A. program will offer new opportunities for Botany graduate students. At the same time, it seems likely that Hawaiian Studies graduate students will be able to take advantage of graduate level courses being taught through the Department of Botany.

      Botany currently enjoys a large number of well-qualified graduate school applicants each semester. It seems unlikely that the development of a graduate program in Hawaiian Studies would detract from our application pool. In fact, there is every reason to believe that the infusion of new courses at the graduate level in Hawaiian Studies would enhance the number of applicants to Botany making each program stronger.