City Officials Deny Special Concession; Lum Ired At Kido

The pending development of 104 houses on Kaneohe Ranch land is talked about in some real estate circles as a "City Hall deal," involving three city officials.

Because of the currency of the report, the RECORD interviewed Chief Engineer William Vannatta, C-C Planning Commission Director George K. Houghtailing and Supervisor Mitsuyuki Kido, asking them if a deal was made more than two years ago, providing that for every two houses the City-County approved for subdivision construction by Kaneohe Ranch associates, the three would be allowed to build one themselves.

All three denied that there was a deal. Kido and Vannatta said they had heard of the "City Hall deal" talk. Houghtailing said it's the first time he had heard about it and emphatically denied that he had any knowledge of "the 102" houses or so to be constructed by a hui. He declared he had no business connections with Kido, but later reversed himself on this. He explained their association is on the Mainland and not locally.

The "City Hall deal" talk alleges that when Kaneohe Ranch associates couldn't get water for sub-division development, especially for the Pikoi Loa tracts 1 and 2, and Kalaheo tracts 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 10, the city officials were offered the alleged 2-1 deal.

Blackfield Hired

This report became more widespread with the organization of the Hawaii Land Development Co. which has arranged with Kaneohe Ranch associates to build about 200 homes on the other side mission granted to the Hawaii of the pali. Reports, denied by city officials, say that the per-Land Development Co. to construct 104 homes first and about 96 later is in fulfilment of the alleged obligation in getting city-county approval to develop and build on 400-500 lots.

The Hawaii Land Development Co. in turn contracted with CalPac, a new company headed by Taro Suenaga, to build the houses. William Blackfield, a San Francisco builder, was hired for the job and Blackfield Engineers was organized to handle the job locally Some say that Blackfield was hired by Hawaii Land Development Co. Kido says CalPac hired him.

Caused a Storm

Both Vannatta and Houghtailing say that Blackfield is their personal friend. Vannatta said his understanding is that Blackfield organized CalPac and that Kido is Blackfield's representative here.

The bringing of Blackfield into the local construction picture over at Kaneohe Ranch caused a storm.

Q. C. Lum, the so-called Henry Ford of building," who has had the monopoly as builder of houses on Kaneohe Ranch land from about 1948, apparently saw a move to oust him from a lucrative arrangement.

Lum, reliable sources say, stormed into the real estate offices of Hung Wo Ching, where Kido is associated, and in strong terms denounced Kido. The supervisor was not in but the office manager heard Lum's complaints.

Notice to Withdraw Money

Lum blamed Kido for bringing in Blackfield to do CalPac's construction at Kaneohe Ranch. Kido is a leading figure of CalPac and is also a member of the board of the Central Pacific Bank.

Angry at Kido's alleged move which may lead to the crowding rut of Lum from being a builder at Kaneohe Ranch, Lum gave the Central Pacific Bank notice that he was closing his account. Lum is considered a wealthy man, being the biggest Oriental hotel and apartment owner in the U.S. He has real estate holdings here and on the Mainland and a lease on a large logging area in British Columbia.

It is reported that Senator Sakae Takahashi, vice president of the bank, talked to Lum not to with-draw his money. Lum is said to have conceded to the point where he would leave part of his deposit there, but would withdraw the bulk of his money.

Lum is reported to have denounced Kido as a double-crosser for bringing in Blackfield. Called for his comment, Lum declared he had nothing to say.

Tie With Blackfield

Takahashi, reliable sources say, is also tied in with Kido on the Mainland. Nearly the same people in the CalPac hui have been developing, subdivisions on the Mainland with Blackfield. The original group was called Pacific Highlands. This hui bought a tract from Blackfield and his associates, among whom was George Hough-tailing. Blackfield did the developing and building.

Recently, on or about July 5, the Pacific Highlands hui organized the Pacific Highlands De-velopment Co. to go into another subdivision development in California. Kido, Takahashi and Houghtailing are stockholders.

Reliable sources say that practically the same people who are in Pacific Highlands Development Co. are in CalPac. Houghtailing had denied any connection with CalPac.

Lum, who has been doing his own subdivision development on the Mainland, is reported to be angry at Kido for these reasons:

• Lum was the original builder of houses on H. K. Castle's Kaneohe Ranch land. Associated with him was H. B. Lyman, now retired from the Hawaiian Pineapple Co. and residing in Kona.

• For every house Lum and Lyman built, they made profit on construction, and got an agreement from Castle to get 45 per cent of the ground rent for the duration of the 55-year Kaneohe Ranch lease to tenants. Castle thus takes 55 per cent and Lum and Lyman, 45. Lum's annual take is reported to be more than $50,000.

• Lyman, it is reported, lost his position on this three-man Kaneohe Ranch associates team. That was in 1952 when Paul Whitney Trousdale was brought here, reportedly by Horace Winfred Beek White, vice president of Hawaiian Trust which takes care of Kaneohe Ranch affairs. White is also an officer of Kaneohe Ranch, and Castle's right-hand man.

It is said that Castle was convinced by White that Trousdale was the man to develop his laud for leasehold subdivision. Lyman lost out in a so-called squeeze play.

• Trousdale leased the entire Kaneohe Ranch lands for five years. With White and Lewis Winn Stunston, Trousdale's local agent, an association was formed. Henceforth these three were to get the 45 per cent ground rental on any subdivision they developed.

The three needed a builder and Q. C. Lum became the fourth partner.

But it is reported that Lum will get one fourth of the 45 per cent only when he himself builds the house in the package deal.

• Blackfield Engineers, it is said, in building the 104 houses will not take one fourth of the 45 per cent, which Lum would have been entitled to, if he were the builder.

• If Blackfield Engineers impresses Castle that they can do as good a job as Lum, the latter might be crowded out.

Association Permanent

Reports said that White is interested in getting a builder who will not take one fourth of the 45 per cent of income from ground rental, rental of houses not leased, and other income due Trousdale, White and Stunston. As for Lum, a precedent had been set before White got in on the deal to collect on ground rental.

White left for Europe last week and before his departure the RECORD interviewed him by phone. He was asked if Lum was out of the deal at Kaneohe Ranch.

"That's the biggest story I've listened to," he said, namely that the new hui will come in to replace Lum.

The deal is only a temporary deal on 104 houses with the Hawaii Land Development Co., he said.

He explained that Lum's association is permanent and continues to be such."

When asked if Lum will get his 25 per cent of the 45 per cent, White declared, "That's nobody's business."

With upwards of about 10,000 more houses to be built on Kaneohe Ranch land, it is said that the "temporary deal" mentioned by White may become a protracted one.

Big money is involved. Trousdale is said to be making about $50,000 a year, at least from his share of the 45 per cent.

Real estate people say that the big question now is, Who will get the overall lease of Kaneohe Ranch land after Trousdale's five year lease to develop subdivisions expires in 1957.

By EDWARD ROHRBOUGH

"Sorry," said the steamship company guard at a passageway seine yards out from the foot of the SS President Wilson's first class gang-way. "Sorry, but you can't go on the ship without a pass."

The foremost of a cluster of what appeared to be a family of Oriental extraction looked be-wildered and said nothing. Some-one else, from the other side of the guard asked something.

"You couldn't do that," he said politely but firmly. "You'd have to go all the way down around to another deck. Sorry."

The time was about 8 p.m. Thursday. The place was the up-per level of Pier 7, where hundreds of local people had gathered to "see off" their friends and relatives leaving for the Orient. Many, apparently, had expected to board the ship, but they had encountered a formidable obstacle in the person of the guard. The obstacle became more formidable as another guard joined him and the two stood there, polite but unyielding sentries, holding all the crowd at bay.

But the crowd kept the pair busy. Constantly they were explaining, with accents indicating their own island origin, that "you have to have a pass, or you can't go aboard. Sorry."

"Sorry," they said, "but I can't do that. Sorry."

Test of Rumor

I watched the scene for a few minutes during which not a single visitor passed the guards, and we noted that the crowd at the moment was entirely non-Caucasian. I decided to make a test, since we are usually considered a haole.

Pushing my way through the crowd, I approached one of the guards and said, "I want to see the paframmis."

The guard, a tall, clean-cut young man, smiled in the friendliest of fashions and waved me toward the gangplank. I was the first to crack the guards' iron curtain and I walked jauntily up the gangway "to see the paframmis," no pass, no hands, no nothing. I had it made, apparently because I was a haole.

I spent a few minutes wandering through the smoking room, the library, and standing on the deck and, not finding any "paframmis," returned to the pier to see what else was happening.

The guard was still friendly, though perhaps a little puzzled at my quick return, for he asked, "Did you see your passengers?"

"Yes, I said, "thank you very much."

Drift Away Disconsolate

And I stood on the fringes of the crowd again having confirmed that it was pathetically, sickeningly true what I had been told that only haoles were being allowed to go on the ship without passes. I watched to see what happened to the would-be visitors who got turned away. Mostly, they stood around aimless and disconsolate for a few moments, and then drifted to the rail of the pier—as close to their loved ones as they could get.

After a few moments, I engaged one such family knot in conversation. The group was of Filipino extraction and consisted of a man wife and teen-age daughter.

"Why don't you go aboard?" I asked.

"Can't," answered the man. "No pass. You gotta have a pass."

"Can you get one?"

The wife said, "No. It's too late. The agent is supposed to give them to the passengers, and they give them out to their friends. Funny, eh?"

Back at the guards' post I watched for a while longer and finally saw two more haoles approach and be admitted by the guards with only the briefest ex-change of words.

Third Class Stands

Then for a time, I joined the clusters at the pier-side windows from which you can look down at the long lines of third-class passengers standing, patiently under heaps of bright leis, waiting to be processed. Many of the passengers were elderly, as one could see even at that distance, out the American President lines seem to be short on chairs. They were all standing as they waited in the sultry, sweaty night.

That was all for the moment, but Saturday I called Eugene R. Egbert, APL passenger agent, and asked him if such a practice isn't discriminatory.

"You can read that into it if yon want to," he answered, "but it isn't. We don't want to discriminate against our third class passengers. They're our best customers."

I assured him it was not I doing the "reading" but the disappointed visitors who had called the RECORD to tell us about it. All I had done was find out that what the callers said was a fact.

The reason for restricting visitors, said Egbert, is that there are so many third class passengers shipping out of Honolulu (about 250 this trip) that there isn't room on the ship, especially in third class quarters, for all the visitors. Egbert figured them at about 3,000.

But why are Caucasians allowed such liberty? Because 99 per cent of the haole visitors are going to see first class passengers and there's no problem of congestion there, Egbert said. On the other hand, 99 per cent of the Japanese, Chinese and Filipino visitors are going to see third class passengers, he added.

So it isn't discrimination Egbert said, but merely a matter of numbers.

Well I think it's discrimination and I think it's lousy. What do you "read into it?"

When William Vannatta, C-C chief engineer, was asked if he had heard of reports of a "City Hall deal" where he and two others were rewarded by Kaneohe Ranch associates for permitting subdivision of leaseholds when water was scarce in Pikoi Loa and Kalaheo, he said he has heard about a "City Hall deal."
                          
"That's entirely untrue," he declared, when mention was made of the alleged 2-1 deal, in which he and two others reportedly got a concession to build one house on Kaneohe Ranch land for every two for which they arranged approval for construction by Lum, White, Trousdale, and Stunston.

Did he have any interest in CalPac or Hawaii Land Development Co., either directly of in-directly?

He said no. Did he know that his relatives had stocks and were leading figures in the Hawaii Land Development Co., which got an okay from -Kaneohe Ranch to build the 104 houses. He said no.

What about Mrs. Marie Thompson, Mrs. Luluhia Silva and Charles E. Scott, all directors of the development firm? He said Scott is related through his wife. He is his wife's uncle. The two women are his wife's aunts.

He said there was no business connection there.

Then he asked, "If this is a city hall deal, is it wrong? Kido is in Blackfield's company. That's his business. Is it wrong for Kido (a real estate man) to be in there?"

Then he added, "If they were given a special concession, then, there is something wrong."

He admitted that real estate developers have not been given the go ahead signal because of shortage of water. But Castle provided his own water and Vannatta said he allowed him to tie into the city's line and gave him approval to develop subdivisions.

"No deal whatsoever as far as water was concerned," he said.

Based on a 500 gallons per day per unit consumption, he said Castle was allowed to develop 2,000 units.

At Pikoi Loa Castle was allowed water, but for this. "I made him easement rights through Castle property for one dollar."

He denied rumors that he was leaving the city hall to accept a job give water rights at Kuou and with Blackfield Engineers. He said he will not be associated with Blackfield, then qualified with a smile, "At the moment no." If he were offered $2,000 or $3,000 a month, he said he won't turn down the offer.

He said he had not been approached and added he doubted that he will become associated with Blackfield Engineers.

"So now they are saying that about the 104 houses," Supervisor Mitsuyuki Kido declared, and he said he has heard the talk of a "City Hall deal." No deal was made that he knows of, he said.

Kido said his record speaks for itself. He couldn't understand why Q. C. Lum picks on him and threatens to close his account at the Central Pacific Bank, when he is only one of many directors.

After he became a supervisor, Kido explained, he has not participated in any subdivision projects. The Kamoku St. subdivision scandal where former Supervisor James Trask had received a tract of land from Kido's real estate firm happened prior to his be-coming a supervisor, he said. He was a territorial legislator, and was not an elected official at City Hall.

He said the Pacific Highlands and Pacific Highlands Development Co. are entirely a different operation from CalPac, although the same group is in it.

Territorial officials have known for some time that one highly placed official in the Territorial ' department of public works got his job through references and experience records that cannot be verified.

In fact, many informed sources refer to the situation regarding the official as "another Warford case," but as of now, there is some doubt that anything at all will be done about it. It may be that the man in question will remain on his job without interference indefinitely, largely because other officials fear the alternatives.

Yet the RECORD has learned that the man in question, instead of occupying a highly technical position at one time in the past, as he stated in listing his background of experience, was actually a fourth-class carpenter — until he lost that job because he wasn't a very good carpenter. Other irregularities in the official's back-around are almost as fantastic, the RECORD has learned. Still, it may be that nothing will happen at all regarding the official — at least so far as the public knows. There are two reasons for official reluctance in the matter.

One is Act 274, Sec. 16, passed by the legislature in the last session, which casts doubt on the power of the government to suspend employes in whose records irregularities appear. Real fraud and blatant falsification, according to the sect ion, may still result in dismissal for the employe guilty of them.

That might seem to lay a clear background for action. But the section also states that certain types of irregularities in old applications may not be questioned, and administrative officials in a number of departments are doubtful as to just what cases are proper subjects for investigation.

Also, it is said Territorial officials fear the kind of publicity to which all principals connected with the Warford and Marcotte cases were subjected.

But the other clearcut reason for reluctance on the part of Territorial officials is they feel some-what embarrassed that the man in question could remain in his post for some years as he has and that his qualifications and credentials could remain unchecked for so long.

Exactly what will come out of official bewilderment remains to be seen.

The Warford case referred to is that of K. C. Warford, a man who got a top job with the C-C bureau of plans, then could never prove he had an engineer's license from anywhere, or that he attended the University of Oklahoma as he stated.

The Marcotte case was that of Roger Marcotte, a police officer who was accused of falsifying his application, but who was finally severed from the C-C payroll on the grounds that he had been il-legally and improperly hired.

The Honolulu Construction & Draying Co. is interested in quarrying rocks in the area ad-jacent to the Koolau Boys' Home and vicinity.

City Hall officials say the company has not come in formally to ask for permission to dig for rocks in the vicinity of Koolau Boys' Home.

William G. Among, superintendent of the Boys' Home said test drilling has been going on in lots adjacent to the school.

If Kaneohe Ranch leases out that part of its land for a, rock quarry, it is expected that Kailua residents and others interested in developing the area for residence will protest strongly.

Many recall the dust nuisance created by the now closed down HC&D quarry near the university.

Leroy Bush, president and general manager of HC&D, told the RECORD that his company still has plenty of rocks at its Kapaa quarry. He declared that HC&D has an adequate rock supply "in-definitely."

He explained, however, that efforts to locate other quarry sites are for the "long range future."

The new move by HC&D, some construction men say, substantiate reports that quarrying at Kapaa is becoming costly because of difficulty in getting good rock.

It is reported that areas adjacent to the Koolau Boys' home and Kawailoa Girls' School have a rock bed suitable for quarrying about 18 feet below the surface.

"I really don't know anything about it," George Houghtailing said when asked if he had heard reports about the "City Hall deal."

He said the 104 houses are part of a big Kaneohe Ranch development.

The folders in his office explain the status of subdivisions, he said. They show whether water is available or not.

As for reports about a deal, he said, "I certainly had no conversation that I know of."

He said "Once was enough." He was referring to the occasion early in 1953 when he revealed holding shares in two real estate development projects. One was a project known as Wailupe Homes and the other was the Ala Wai Park Tract, in which he said he had been encouraged to buy in by Hung Wo Ching, Kido's business associate. In this project Houghtailing owned about 17.6 shares.

Houghtailing said he won't put himself in that position. He said, "He (Blackfield) even told me to buy a piece of property in his interest. That's as far as I went."

"I'm also a friend with Kido. I'll stand on the records. As for friendship, it's friendship."

He said he had no business connection with Kido.

He revealed a little later that he had bought an interest in Blackfield's property in California which was sold to Kido and his associates.

Upon further questioning, Houghtailing said he and his wife bought into the Pacific Highlands Development Co. When it was mentioned that Kido is a stockholder of the firm, he said he didn't know who were in there.

"I'll have nothing to do in Honolulu. I don't know what 102 lots they're talking about," he added. "If I'm criticized here, I might as well go 2,300 miles away" (in making investments).

He said it's not a fair statement to say that Castle got approval for subdivisions when others didn't. He said Ted Char and others got the same treatment as Lum and Trousdale.

.

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C-C Sup. Mitsuyuki Kido has decided to run for Territorial senate, the RECORD is reliably in-formed, though it can hardly be expected that he will confirm the report at this early date.

C-C Treasurer Lawrence S. Goto, who draws strong support from Democrats as well as from the GOP, of which he is a member, may get competition from a Democratic candidate next fall ac-cording to political rumors.

The possible candidate against him is reported to be Clarence Taba of the Territorial bank examiner's' office. Taba is a veteran of World War II and was formerly with the Honolulu redevelopment agency.

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Sam (Speed) Warren may not have been a world's champion, But oldtimers who follow fistic affairs in these parts claim there was no battler who enjoyed himself more when throwing knuckles.

He was a soldier from Schofield who fought in the ring as a light-heavy and once took on a heavy-weight named Scanlon with no ill effects.

But his practices outside the ring made him more remembered than his scheduled fights. A dogface right out of the pages of "From Here to Eternity," Sam Warren would hear of some local scrapper who was "the bull" in his part of Honolulu, and he would visit the section and make derogatory re-marks about the local bull until he got the action he was looking for.

One of his best remembered scraps of this sort was with the well known Charley White Egg, then the "bull of Pawaa.'" Saga says Warren won that one.

But Speed was known as a man who liked his spirits and, in fact, is said to have fought his im-promptu battles under such in-spiration. Finally, all the exuber-ant living took its toll and Speed began taking lickings—in the ring, at any rate. As in the case with such heroes, saga is silent on how he fared with extra-curricular ac-tivities. Maybe he tamed down.

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By Wilfred Oka

SPORTS TIDBITS FROM HERE AND THERE

Every year an organization known as the Philippine Sportswriters' Association sponsors an annual benefit for "destitute and disabled" fighters. While this organization may not totally care for those pugilists who are in this class, it focuses attention on some of the end results of boxing which a lot of people call a sport. Recently President Ramon Magsaysay signed a bill which exempts the annual benefit from taxes in order to encourage the group of sportswriters in their annual campaign. This bill was introduced by Serefin Salvador, a member of the Philippines Congress. Mr. Salvador has been working hard for the revival of boxing in his country.

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SPORTS ILLUSTRATED, August 29 issue, comes out with some interesting commentary on the Japanese swimmers after the results of the US-Japan meet. This particular article, called "Tokko in Tokyo," maintains that the success of the Nippon swimmers was based on "tokko" or special attack spirit instilled into the swimmers. Let's quote a paragraph from this article:

"Humiliated by their defeat at Helsinki Olympics, the Japanese have gone into an all out effort aimed at the wiping out the loss at Melbourne. Too all out, according to some physical education experts, who complain that Japanese coaches are applying the 'tokko' (special attack), spirit to their training. 'Tokko' was instilled into Japanese suicide pilots during the war. The Spartan training, according to these experts, has shortened the peak competition span of Japanese swimmers by two or three years as compared with Americans."

What surprised us about this article was that while it says "some physical education experts" (presumably Americans) it doesn't mention their names at all. And this is the first time in quite a spell that something like this has been discussed by "physical education experts." The last time around it was the use of oxygen tanks which helped the Japanese in the Olympics at Los Angeles. This time it is "tokko" which is making the Japanese swimmers win. While the mental phase of athletics is now being given a just share we don't believe that "tokko" is the real reason for the success of the Nippon swimmers. More important is the nation-wide emphasis the Japanese give to swimming and aquatics, as Japan is surrounded by the sea on all sides and has a step by step swimming program starting from the elementary school right up to college level. Further than that swimming as a sport and recreation needs the least in equipment, therefore more persons can afford it.

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THE ANNUAL POLICE RELIEF Association and Holy Name Society football benefit game between the University of Hawaii and High School prep stars goes on this Friday night at the Stadium. We had been in the dark as to how the benefit game works out for the cop on the beat till we read about Police Captain Neil Donahue's report at the last Quarterbacks' Club meeting. For example that the profits from the proceeds go into helping to pay some of the insurance premium on the police officers' insurance as well as provide for scholar-ships for deserving athletes at the University of Hawaii. This report is an example of good public relations program, quite unlike some of the others on which we are still in the dark. We refer, for example, to the recent Coaches' Association football game. From the talk we hear this game is more for the benefit of the coaches than for any other group.

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THE JAPAN HIGH SCHOOL ALL STARS played to one of the biggest crowds when they played against the Rural All Stars at Waipahu. The crowd was estimated at around 4,000 fans. This for the rural town is terrific attendance.

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THE LANIKAI CANOE CLUB finished, one of the most interesting projects recently in preparation for the regatta on Labor Day by having a crew of youngsters work on the canoe right from the start. From the description of the log from which the canoe was dug out it must have been a huge one weighing about 12 tons and about 40 ft. in length. As we understand it the kids worked under the leadership of George Perry who was able to get the kids to volunteer their time. This is learning canoe racing from the ground floor! * *

A FORTNIGHT AGO Boxing Enterprises promoted the Aladino Gusman-Steve Takano main event at the Civic which bore out our contention for the past year that Gusman, the onetime belter, should be retired. That was further confirmed by Steve Takano who won the fight with the greatest of ease, earning the easiest paycheck of his career. Gusman didn't win a single round, with the sixth round scored even. Even this round was in doubt as we scored Takano the winner of every round. Gusman was slow and lacked the snap in his punches. In the exchanges he came out of it groggy and only the humanitarian feelings of Takano and his corner carried the fight through the ten rounds. It appears to us that Gusman never got over the operation he had on his lungs and like it or not his manager Richie Chinen should consider all the factors in the lad's career and advise the kid to hang 'em up. His one time temporary retirement after his operation to recuperate after a mediocre fight record should have given Chinen ample to time to look over the kid. Chinen should be honest with himself, with Gusman and his family and friends and recommend to the kid to quit. If he does we'd like to concur.

Fesu Peapealalo, the Samoan fighter, didn't disappoint his many backers when he pounded out a win over cagy Chuck Cureton. The fight wasn't one-sided as reported, for Cureton got in his licks. However, Fesu looked like a toughie and while lacking the qualities of a "boxer" he looked tough in taking it and dishing it out. Boxing Enterprises has a good bank account in this boy from Samoa.

Five deputies who recently joined the United Public Workers maintain an important element of their work has never been mentioned in the job specifications as filed with the civil service department.

That element is hazard.

Though the general public does not conceive the coroner's job as a hazardous one, since the coroner is called only after death, the five deputies can recount numerous stories of hazard into which their duty has taken them.

For instance, when a brewery worker was recently killed in a local vat, by the accidental starting of machinery, a deputy was summoned to examine the body at the scene of the death—as the law prescribes.

Danger In Vat

He was already inside the vat when it occurred to him there was nothing to prevent one of the many curious persons gathered from pressing the button that would start the machinery again.

Needless to say, he finished the job as quickly as possible.

On another occasion, a deputy examining the body of a woman who had committed suicide discovered a gas explosion had occurred on the scene, weakening the building. While he was making his examination, a wall caved in—fortunately not on the deputy.

Deaths that occur in large fires often present special hazards for the deputy who examines the body. One deputy examining a body on the second floor of a half-burned building was somewhat startled, for instance, when the fire started up again. Before he could make much of a move, firemen began shooting water in the window.

Stairs Gone Too

When he retreated for the stair up which he had come, his be-wilderment increased as he discovered they had now burned out and collapsed. Finally, he made his presence known to firemen and managed to get down without losing more than his peace of mind. But he didn't forget what might have happened.

Once a part of deputies discovered it was impossible to examine a body in the exact place where death had occurred. The body was on the second floor of a burned-out building, but the floor had been so damaged by the fire no one dared walk on it. Finally a way was found to lower the body to the next floor to complete the examination.

Traffic deaths usually require coroners to drive like a bat out of what-is-this. The layman is sometimes puzzled by the necessity of speed, for he reasons, "After all, the person is dead, isn't he? Why hurry ?"

But there is good reason. When a death occurs on the highway, the vehicles may not be moved until the coroner has examined the body. So traffic is often tied up for a considerable distance. If the coroners didn't hurry, it would be tied up even longer.

And driving at a high rate of speed is considered hazardous for anyone.

Sometimes the coroner's task requires ingenuity as well as resiliency enough to withstand hazard. On one occasion, a coroner was confronted with the lower half of a man's body, the rest of which had been eaten by sharks. He had reason to believe the body was that of a local man, but how could he establish the identity?

Eventually, he solved the problem by using one of the deceased's slippers. It had been mended in unusual fashion with a piece of wire. By tracing the wire and showing the slipper around in the right area, he did establish the identity of the dead man to the satisfaction of all concerned.

There is nothing prosaic about the coroner's job.

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The Honolulu Rapid Transit Co. doesn't say these days, as it once did, that it loses money and therefore needs rate increases. The last time it claimed that, John H. Wilson, then mayor of Honolulu, suggested that the city might, take over the buses and run them more efficiently.

But the HRT never lets the public forget its expenses. In its annual report this year it includes $46,000 worth of such increases, "none of which could be foreseen at the time of the last fare increase," deriving from increased Social Security payments, increased electric rates and increased fuel costs. The five cents per hour wage increase of wages is blamed for another $50,000 a year.

The report indicates, not another increase in the general rate just now, but increased fares for school children.

What became of Johnny Wilson's idea?

The pineapple industry uses something less than a fourth of the cultivated land in Hawaii, ac-cording to "Basic Facts about Pineapple in Hawaii," published by the pineapple companies.

The study says the total amount of cultivated land is 464,850 acres.

Of that amount, it uses 73,200 while sugar uses 221,610 and miscellaneous other agriculture 13,770.

If they do nothing else, such figures accentuate the difference inland holdings between small farmers and the large agricultural industry.

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The explosion and fire at the Standard Oil Refinery at Whiting, Ind., which caused devastation amounting to an estimated $100,000.000 and left thousands homeless is a grim reminder that the same sort of tragedy can happen here.

The Honolulu waterfront is becoming more and more a concentration of gasoline and oil tanks. There is an ever present danger of an explosion and if disaster strikes, there will be hell to pay.

Learning from the experiences of places like Whiting, the oil companies should disperse their fuel storage for the sake of safety and life of the people of Honolulu. . After seeing what happened at Whiting, the most recent explosion, they are obligated to bring safety measures to the congested waterfront.

In Appreciation

When a countless number of people throughout the Territory support the RECORD as their paper, it is odd to thank them for their splendid, constant kokua.

But those on the staff of this weekly, whose task it is to put out the paper week after week feel strongly that an expression of appreciation is properly due RECORD boosters.

There are various ways in which the RECORD gets its support. Some use the paper by bringing in stories or story tips. The stories may or may not concern them but they want this weekly to have them first.

There are supporters who promote the RECORD by telling friends and acquaintances about the paper.

There are boosters who go out on their own to sell RECORD subscriptions voluntarily, help with the collection and frankly say what people in their localities are interested in and want the RECORD to carry in its columns.

There are those who come through during special editions, such as this anniversary issue, with ads to help this weekly meet its expenses.

There are supporters who bring in job printing which is a big operation at the RECORD plant. Job printing is a major source of income to defray expenses of putting out the paper.

The paid subscription is the backbone of this independent weekly and RECORD readers have kept this paper going. Of course big employers and their, underlings read it religiously and carefully, but for another reason. They want to know what the broad majority of the people are thinking and saying, for it is the RECORD which gives their side.

To the many supporters who have contributed in their own way to build the RECORD and increase its influence, Ma-halo. The seventh anniversary marks their contribution toward a free press for Hawaii.

Nisei And Negroes

Several times recently I have had occasion to read the Honolulu Newsletter column of Larry Nakatsuka appearing in the Pacific Citizen. Much of what he has to say is good common sense. But I am forced to take issue with him on certain opinions. It seems that Larry Nakatsuka is what is called, a "gradualist" in race relations, and the evidence shows that gradualism is no good.

When you get down to basics, the problems of Nisei in America differ but little from the problems of Negroes. Both suffer from discrimination, running between the openly brutal and the subtle—but still brutal. Both groups must find ways of conteracting and overcoming white supremacy. Unfortunately, this is not understood by many members of both groups with the result that some Nisei play the divide and rule game of the white supremacists by being violently anti-Negro, even as a sizeable number of Negroes help the racists by being loudly anti-Japanese. The end result is that both groups suffer.

Because Nisei Fought as a Group

In his column of July 15, Mr. Nakatsuka said the Nisei have rejected their former aggressiveness as a racial group. He spoke of a recent congratulatory banquet in Honolulu for an AJA who had received a high government appointment. The speakers, he declared, "cautioned the Nisei against demanding recognition from the community too hastily. The important thing, they said, was for the Nisei to be prepared and capable of assuming heavier responsibilities than the Nisei have been accustomed to carrying." His own feeling is that the Nisei should not be too impatient and reach for the honors ahead, and that "it will be up to the Nisei as individuals and not, so much as a racial group, to work themselves to whatever level they are capable of."

Evidently what the Pacific Citizen columnist and the leaders he mentioned fail to see is that individual Nisei would not have reached the positions they hold in the community nor would they have attained recognition unless the Nisei themselves had fought for advancement as a racial group.

Had they sat back and expected recognition purely on the basis of ability, they would have gotten nowhere. It is a pretty picture, this idea of receiving honors on an individual basis, and some day it will work, but as of now it is not only impractical but ridiculous.

Intelligent, Aggressive Program

The factors which create race prejudice are the factors denying recognition to capable members of groups victimized by prejudice. The Negro or the Nisei did not create white supremacy but they suffer from it unless they can find ways of nullifying its effects. And this can come only from an intelligent and aggressive group program aimed to break down the racial barriers which rob non-whites of opportunity.

I shudder to think what the position of the Negro would be in America today had there not been aggressive movements originating among Negroes to break down the bars of segregation. All during the slave era, Negroes fought this evil in every conceivable way and gradually enlisted growing numbers of whites to help them. In the continuing battle for first class citizenship. Negroes have fought as a group often getting aid from white friends. We are still fighting for the day when we will not have to fight as a group, but we know that, despite our triumphs, that time has not come.

If Negroes themselves had not taken deter-mined action, we would have had no supreme court decisions outlawing residential restrictive covenants, jim crow public schools, lily white juries, etc. Negroes themselves demanded appointment of qualified Negroes to high government posts. True, we have our own gradualists who say we have rushed things too fast, but History gives the lie to this fallacy. Many white Southerners have preached that "it takes time," but the time they talk about before recognition is granted is forever. Each victory increases our determination to wipe out white supremacy. Personally, if I can't see the goal of complete equality reached, I nevertheless intend to do all I can to see that my children grow up in an America devoid of racism.

It is no different with the Nisei. Instead of settling back in satisfaction at having realized certain of their objectives, history demands that they multiply their group efforts to eradicate every vestige of anti-Japanese feeling. Be prepared, by all means, to "assume heavier responsibilities," but at the same time be sure that you get the chance to reach this level.

Only when the Nisei, like the Negroes, have staged a victorious group struggle against prejudice and have forced white America to do away with its color bars can either group sit back and expect its members to be treated and recognized as individuals. And that day has not yet arrived.

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The appearance of the Honolulu RECORD on August 5, 1948, evidently created quite a stir at the Honolulu Chamber of Commerce. Its executive secretary telephoned the new weekly which used the slogans, "A Paper Hawaii Needs" and "Courageous and Independent."

He was indignant and in tone and mood was much unlike others who were calling in greetings and congratulations.

What's this, the Chamber's executive secretary asked, starting a new business venture without making a courtesy call at his office? The RECORD should have sought the Chamber's blessing, he declared. That's what others do, he said.

Not in the Cards

When will the editor be down to see him, he asked. The meeting never came about. It wasn't in the cards. Moreover, the RECORD wasn't playing it that way. A meeting as suggested by the Chamber official meant capitulation by the RECORD to big business pressures even before it got going.

During the first month the RECORD was strongly impressed that its work would be exciting, interesting and rough going. On the one hand there was a countless number of supporters who wanted to see the paper get started, even on a shoestring, and grow from there. On the other hand there were elements that wanted to see the RECORD die while still in its diapers.

To give national and international coverage to its readers, the RECORD went to the United Press to buy its press service. The UP manager knew about the pa-per. He asked questions about its editorial slant — pro-labor, proemployer or neutral.

The workers will receive sympathetic coverage, he was informed.

Would the Record Criticize?

Then he posed some imaginary conditions. What, he asked, would the RECORD do if provided with UP service — would it try to show up the dailies when they ignored certain stories they decided not to touch?

The RECORD would give the news to its readers and let them make up their minds, he was told.

Would the RECORD be critical of the Star-Bulletin and the Advertiser?

If there were valid occasions, yes, he was informed.

The UP man said he couldn't sell the RECORD the news service without communicating with his New York headquarters. Appointment was made by the RECORD to check back with him on a reply from New York.

Subsequently the UP man said he couldn't understand why but he had received no reply to his query. Finally, after many days, he said his query had been referred to New York to the San Francisco office. Again there was no answer from San Francisco. In the end he said the RECORD couldn't get the UP service.

All this was plain runaround.

All this was encouraging for it was clear that big business was concerned about the birth of the independent weekly.

The announcement of the publication of the weekly was made on July 1, 1948, in a sample issue under the name of Pacific Record.

Mixed Reaction

As was expected, a mixed reaction met this publication of what proposed to be a weekly tabloid newspaper.

• The tone of the edition indicated that the paper would not bend to Big Five pressures but would be largely concerned with giving the side of the common people.

• How long can such a paper survive? This question was asked everywhere. People felt that the Big Five could shut down the pa-per any time, by restricting the sale of newsprint to the RECORD, by freezing credit, by attacking it and isolating it in the community.

People named various ventures of independent newspapers which had not kowtowed to Big Five interests. None had survived or remained independent. The Hawaii Hochi once shook and jarred the boss-haoles of Merchant Street, but Publisher Frederick Makino was ill. The Hochi was no more the drumhead that reverberated points of view that enlightened and strengthened the common people.

• Even strong supporters of the RECORD gave the venture a lifetime of about six months. What can $5,000 do? they asked. This amount raised through sale of stock subscriptions would be used up in no time for printing alone.

• But at the root of all the surface pessimism, there was one encouraging reaction. Many felt that such a paper as the RECORD was needed in the island community. Broad support was there.

Actually the RECORD had to be born. This was in the cards. The undertaking of the RECORD was part of a general change taking place in Hawaii. Someone was going to launch an independent paper sooner or later to give voice to the new movement. The major industries—longshore, sugar and pineapple — were organized and plantation paternalism was dying rapidly. Labor which was going through militant struggles to win decency and respect and a better standard of living stood clearly to one side and the big employers to the other side.

• This relationship was not new. The new element in the relationship was the awakening of laborers who were dominated by the boss-haoles prior to unionization. This new situation changed the entire relationship of groups in the islands. Independent businessmen became more courageous, and so did many self-employed.

Hawaii was changing. The war had a lot to do in causing the change. Sugar workers who were frozen to their jobs joined the ILWU. The non-haole veterans who were returning from the war fronts, especially the AJAs, were not going to be treated like second class citizens any more.

• In politics, with labor freed from plantation domination, the Democratic Party found mass participation and acquired a broad base. Democratic candidates began campaigning openly in plantation camps, saw workers openly. And workers campaigned for and supported Democratic candidates, knowing that the management would not be able to fire them for political activities on the Democratic team.

Born of a Need

The RECORD was born in this situation—born of a need in a changing community. But because of the power of big interests, and awesome regard for them, businessmen and others who declared Hawaii needed such a paper would not risk their capital. They wanted to play safe, knowing that the Big Five monopoly was here to stay for a long time, regardless of its weakening position.

Others said you just don't make money from a newspaper and the investment was not worth the effort. Even if a paper were started on a bigger scale, it would lose money for several years and some-one has to foot the bill.

Principal support for the paper came from the workers.

The RECORD had to grow, slowly but surely, with its jackpot of a few thousand dollars. Printing alone cost $350 a week. Wages for the beginning staff of three had to be considered.

On August 5, 1948, Volume I, No 1 was published under the name of Honolulu RECORD. Its first issue carried an expose of how a fabulous profit was realized from the purchase of the defunct Hawaii Consolidated Railway, it carried the head, "Hawaii's Great Tram Robbery."

Another story reported the opening of the Reinecke hearing before the DPI commissioners. Dr. and Mrs. John Reinecke had been suspended on charges of "not possessing the ideals of democracy."

The Reinecke case was the opening gun of a concentrated attack against the ILWU and its supporters. The ILWU had been red-baited by the big employers and their dailies during the successful 1946 sugar strike. The new attack took on a different form.

Gov. Ingram M. Stainback was the prime mover. He was disgruntled because the ILWU did not support his candidate for delegate to Congress in the 1946 election. On Armistice Day 1947, Stainback in a speech said he was going to discharge Communists and fellow travellers among territorial employes. The governor was not going to take the union head on. He was going to create a witch-hunting atmosphere by first hitting at the Reineckes who had given their effort for years to help organize in whatever way they could the then unorganized workers of Hawaii. When Jack W. Hall and others were trying to organize waterfront and other workers on meager or no funds, the Reineckes gave them support. These were days when labor organizers slept on the floor of people's homes, and often went without meals.

The Reinecke case and the attack against the ILWU fell into a national pattern, in the growing cold war atmosphere of the Truman and Marshall Plans and the get-tough policy. To force through a cold war policy for big profits of industries making armaments, thought control was necessary to. stifle criticism and opposition to spending for war preparation.

In this atmosphere the RECORD which spoke out for peace was attacked by big local employers, by the California un-American committee chairman brought here to do a red-baiting job, by the House un-American committee which put out a pamphlet on the RECORD without even attempting to ask questions of the paper's staff, by the local un-American committee and by the Justice Department in the Smith Act trial.

But the RECORD stood firm, gathered support even during the height of the witchhunting orgy, when the editor and another staff member were arrested under the Smith Act and stood trial with five others for seven months.

On the day of the Smith Act arrest the Honolulu Paper Co., a Big Five subsidiary, cut off the RECORD'S credit abruptly. Late in the day after Federal Judge Delbert E. Metzger reduced the $75,000 bail per defendant to $5,000, which made it possible for the seven to be free on bail, the two RECORD employes learned of this move of Honolulu Paper Co.

The editor called the paper company, explaining that it never piled up debt with the paper supplier but kept its credit in good shape. The public relations official said this move against the RECORD was an order from the top but promised to look into it. He later called back to say that the credit was cut off because of the "changed situation" with the arrest of the editor. The situation hadn't changed, the latter explained, since the RECORD was a corporation and even if the editor were not there, someone else would be there to fill his position as editor and business manager. The Honolulu Paper official said he couldn't do anything about it.

RECORD readers probably remember the time when the paper was printed on expensive book paper. Newsprint wasn't available to this paper.

Then a stranger came to the RECORD'S assistance, after learning of this weekly's plight from a friend. He helped the RECORD get newsprint for months and actually helped this weekly stay in business, whether he realized it or not, by scraping up newsprint in shops and paper houses, until he was able, to get hold of bigger lots. The Korean war period fell about this time and newsprint was hard to get anywhere. To this stranger, whom we now call a great friend, and whom we have never met and may never meet, we are deeply grateful.

Upsetting of the fiscal schedule when the paper was operating on a shoestring worked tremendous hardships on it. The staff made sacrifices and good support from friends of the paper kept it going.

While this massive attack came in varied form, there was growing mass support for the paper. For the staff it is always a pleasure to go out to meet people, especially to sell subscriptions in plantation and working class areas. During a recess of the Smith Act trial its staff members, including a defendant, went out to a plantation district to sell subs with good results. After the Smith Act conviction and immediately upon release on bail after a week in Honolulu Jail, two defendants and other staff members went out to another area to sell subs—and obtained encouraging results.

The RECORD has realized more and more that in its role to serve the general welfare, it must keep in closest contact with the people. It is unlike the dailies which propagandize for big interests. The RECORD is part of the community that is struggling for a better deal, a condition the common people win step by step. The RECORD frequently airs the views of the growing new businesses that are beginning to give the Big Five a run for their money. These businesses depend largely on the broadening purchasing power of the common people. Some of them use Big Five tactics and the RECORD criticizes them.

After seven years the situation locally, nationally and internationally is changing. People once intimidated by the witchhunt are regaining common sense and courage. Peace and co-existence were dangerous words but today they are not as dangerous. The threat of atomic war is there but the peace sentiment broke through. McCarthyism is waning, although it is making a desperate, last ditch stand in reckless abandon.

The RECORD has not changed basically. It has grown in influence and developed. It withstood the strong tide of reaction and its supporting pillars were its countless supporters.

This anniversary edition is being printed on a bigger press which was installed in the RECORD'S plant recently. Although a good second hand, automatic fed press, bugs had to be ironed, out and we had to learn its operation. Therefore the delay of a few days.

There was a time when with the help of supporters, the weekly edition was folded by hand. During the longshore strike folding the weekly RECORD was considered like picket duty for some stevedores. Then an old folder was purchased and it took a long time for the staff to learn to work it right. Today the RECORD has a new folder that takes the paper off the press, folds and trims it.

There are many sides to growing and the RECORD stands firmer after the rough going of seven years, the firmness necessary for tougher going ahead.

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A Hollywood producer is preparing a script for a film version of Home Again, a biography of a Japanese American family experiencing the mass evacuation of 1942.

If Home Again is filmed it would be the first move on the evacuation of 110,000 people of Japanese ancestry. The touchy subject has not been handled by Hollywood thus far. The period was marked by the rule of hysteria.

The book written by James Edmiston (Doubleday, Garden City, N.Y., 1955) makes fair play triumph over racial discrimination, a major factor behind the evacuation.

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"Firsts" among the Murakami family are nothing unusual.

C-C Auditor James K. Murakami is the first AJA to be elected on the Democratic ticket to an administrative office at City Hall, but that's one of the more recent of the list. Many of the Murakami "firsts" are in the field of boxing.

Away back in 1929, the auditor's brother Mark Murakami, who has served on the civil service commission for several years (who was also the first AJA appointed to that commission), became the first AAU bantam-weight boxing champion of the Territory.

Six years later, Brother Gilbert Murakami, fighting in the fly-weight division, became the first amateur boxer from Hawaii to go to the finals of the AAU national tournament in Boston. And he was beaten only by Lou Salica, who turned professional later and became one of the most formidable champions of his day.

In-Laws Fighters, Too

The Murakamis, as you've guessed by now, are a fighting family. And it even goes to the in-laws.

A cousin of the three Murakami brothers married Paul Matsumoto, who won the national champion-ship in the lightweight division in 1940.

Two other boxers of note who married Murakami girls are Takeji Maruya of Honolulu and Bob Kiyono of Waipahu, both ILWU members.

Recently Auditor James Murakami added another "first" when he took the platform at Aiea in the first of a series of meetings at which the Democrats have be-gun a program to strike back at GOP attacks of the past few months.

As political and fistic opponents of the Murakamis have found, there's nothing slow about them in a contest. Their "firsts" command respect of opponents as well as supporters.

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Many plantations have gone into the real estate business and they are trying to sell old houses, some 45 years old as is the case at Waipahu.

At Waipahu the Oahu Sugar Co. is moving the old shacks in subdividing its land and the dilapidated, termite-ridden houses receive minor repairs. Termite ridden posts that break during the moving are patched up.

High Payment

The company is trying to sell these houses, such as the one shown at the left and on page 4 for about $8,000 with 7,000 to 8,500 square feet of property.

An employe, for instance, who has paid low rental on the house he has occupied under the plantation's rental system is offered the same house, about 45 years old, with property for $8,000.

Under the sale terms proposed by the company, he has to pay 10 per cent or $800 down, and 1 per cent on the balance as monthly installment, or $72 a month.

Tools Bulldozed

It is impossible for a worker earning $150 a month, with wife and child, to make ends meet. Grades 1 to 3 people will starve, workers said. Grade five employes earning about $200 can hardly make ends meet, too.

The officers of ILWU Local 142, Unit 52, opposed the company's proposal. The housing committee headed by Sadao Shinno went to work. The company was adament. A contractor began moving the houses in the subdivision tract. Old garages were run over by a bulldozer and Joe Vegas, for instance, who had hundreds of dollars worth of tools in his garage didn't have sufficient time to remove all his equipment. He had to look for a considerable part of his tools in the dirt piled by the bulldozer.

He blames the sugar company for telling him that development of his area was stalled by rain and he needn't move his tools right away. He was given three days' notice, finally, and he didn't finish the job of moving his tools away before the bulldozer came.

Another worker who has been paying $25 a month rental was told his house is worth $7,000, with property. His monthly payment would have been $63.

Company Changes Stand Through protest and negotiation with Oahu Sugar by the union, the company has changed its offer but Shinno says, "The price is too high. We are still negotiating. They haven't come down on price." Workers are supporting their union's program. It concerns all of them.

• First the company offered to sell the houses on three year mortgage, with renewal of the agreement subject to discussion. The union's housing negotiating committee had this three years extended to payment in 14-15 years.

• The down payment is still the same, 10 per cent. But monthly payment has been reduced from 1 percent of the balance to eight-tenths of 1 percent of the balance. For example if a house is offered for $8,000, there is a down payment of $800. One per cent on the $72,000 is $72 payment a month. Eight-tenths of one per-cent of the balance is $57.60.

The company has agreed to make all minor repairs. Previously leaky roofs, broken screens, broken windows and sashes were not adequately repaired. But termite eaten lumber still remained, and cracks in houses still remain for potential buyers to repair. The most obvious termite ridden lumber is replaced.

• The company has now agreed to put in where necessary new electrical wires and equipment. The old wires are fire hazards.

The only major change is the installing of a flush toilet to re-place the insanitary outhouses, which the board of health would not allow in new subdivisions. Refuse to Buy

"Under the union-company agreement the highest rental is $44," Shinno says. "People with small income, paying less than $25 an old houses cannot pay $55 to $60, or more for their houses."

The company has said it wants its money back fast, and workers say the houses have been paid for several times by their rental. The workers have refused to be stampeded into buying the houses with scare stories. With confidence in their leaders, they struggle for a square deal.

The company says it will sell houses, first, to employes and pensioners living in the subdivision area; second to other employes and pensioners if all houses are not bought; third, to the general public.

Ranch Camp at Waialua is considered good when rated with plantation housing on Oahu and the Waialua Agricultural Co. is selling houses there to employes.

The house shown below is being bought by Narciso Misajon, a pensioner. The lot is 9,898 square feet and the price for land and the three bedroom house, about 15 years old, is $6,150. Monthly payment is $44.50.

Compared to what Oahu Sugar is offering to its employes, this is a good deal.

Waialua isn't generous, workers say. Basically, like all big companies, it is tough. Sometimes it puts on kid gloves and sometimes it puts out sugary pills. A couple of years ago the workers there protested the company's speedup program and a lockout resulted, with work stoppage for months. The company experienced the strength demonstrated by its employes, supported by other union brothers and sisters and the community people.

The present housing offer is considered favorable, Already the company has sold houses and lots of two areas, Mill Camp 5 and 6.

Pay Like Rent

Louis Pacheco who works for the agricultural department was one of the first to buy when the company began selling houses in 1954 in Camp 6. He bought his four bedroom house and 6,250 square-feet of property for $3,180 and spent $1,800 renovating it.

"It is a beautiful house." people say.

Be pays $23 a month to the bank and in 15 years will own the property.

Filemon Lavarias bought has three bedroom home and about 6,000 square feet of property for about $3,000.

Eddie Lapa bought his home for $3,560 and made a 10 per cent down payment of $356. His former rent was $23. He now pays $26.10 a month toward the purchase.

Maximum price for a 30-40 year old house is $4,000. Average price is $2,500-$3,000. All have inside flush toilets.

Tearing Down Shacks

Both Lapa and Lavarias live in Camp 5 and their houses are improved houses and they cannot be compared to the Waipahu houses which Oahu Sugar Co. is trying to sell—even after moving and minor repairs put in.

Waialua is tearing down houses like the ones Waipahu is trying to sell. Mill 13 Camp houses which are 45 to 50 years old are kept in much better shape than Waipahu houses but they are being torn down then vacated.

In selling its houses, Waialua gives termite eradication treatment when signs of active termites are found.

Demand at Ranch Camp

Presently construction work to improve Ranch Camp is going on. Waialua offers a garage with the sale, which Waipahu doesn't.

Average price on a three bedroom house with 6,000 lot at Ranch Camp is $5,700. Payment is like former rental. Joseph Lunasco, for Instance, will pay $5,700 for his house and lot of 6,400 square feet. He pays $38 rent a month. His monthly payment under the purchase program will be $41-$42.

Waialua is also building new houses on 8,000-10,000 square foot lots and they sell for about $9,000 on 20 year payment. Monthly installment is $60 to $65.

Presently the biggest demand is for houses in Ranch Camp. Waipahu's offer compared to that of Waialua is like offering a 1928 model T Ford on its last miles for a higher price than a 1938 Ford which has received fairly good maintenance.

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Filipino-Japanese relations improved considerably in the past year and Japanese visiting the Philippines are not warned to be careful when riding the cabs.

When the Japanese Boy Scouts visited the Philippines in the late spring of 1954, two or three Filipino scouts escorted a group of visitors when the former went out for visits and sightseeing. Still they were sneered and jeered at.

* *

This year Tomotsu Murayama, a leader of Japanese scouts, revisited the Philippines and re-ported that "general Filipino sentiment toward the Japanese has improved considerably."

He was not warned this time to be careful when he stepped out, and said that the cabbies showed him the points of interest as they rode along.

"Not too long ago, a Filipino said very little to a Japanese. He only glared with burning hatred in his eyes," Murayama wrote to the Pacific Citizen.

* *

The Atrocities committed against the Filipinos by Japanese people, caused Filipinos to retaliate.

[pic]

This metal rubbish container built by Ewa workers in their plantation shop is a big improvement in sanitation on the plantation. About a third of the camps are using these containers with doors on both sides. Robert Takamoto, ILWU unit chairman at Ewa, says that the containers keep flies away and don't help them to breed. In the background is an old house. While the metal box is a great improvement in the sanitation, outhouses are still used in some camps, but they are being replaced by flush toilets. In the early anniversary editions of the RECORD Ewa Plantation Co.'s insanitary conditions received emphasis. Open sewers were used then. In the seven years of the RECORD'S history many stories and editorials were devoted to them Kahuku Plantation Co., for example, complained in its bulletin that this weekly, an outsider, had caused the territorial board of health to improve its toilet facilities and mentioned that if rent Went up because of the improvement, the RECORD was to be blamed.

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There's a lot being said — and done — these days about bathroom laundry combinations. What is more convenient than to have your washer and dryer where your soiled clothes and linens are stored between washings? When it comes to laundering shower curtains, it's only a matter of changing tubs. And that is what this column is about. . .

During the summer when your shower is working overtime keeping the family cool, plastic shower curtains are apt to lose their color and crispness. According to Marcia Mead, home service director for Whirlpool Corporation, these curtains can be successfully laundered and softened in an automatic washer. Fill washer tub with warm water and add twice the amount of water softener you usually use to condition the water. Set the tinier for three minutes and complete cycle automatically. That's all there is to it! Plastic is not absorbent so curtains may be hung immediately after they are removed from spin-dry cycle of washer. If you prefer, curtains may be dried in an automatic dryer providing temperature is under 120*. The delicate fabrics cycle of the Imperial electric dryer is perfect for this.

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Lockport, H.Y. (FP)-The US Post Office Dept. has stepped into the bitter 17-month Kohler Co. strike in sheboygan, Wis.-on management's side.

Postal officials refused Aug. 1 to accept for mailing the Voice of Labor, bi-monthly paper issued here to 6,800 members of Local 686, United Auto Workers (CIO), because the union paper carries this messafe: "Don't buy Kohler. Made by scabs and strike-breakers."

When Lockport mall officials said the paper was unacceptable because the message was on teh outside wrapper, the unionsts agreed to put the message inside, and to mail the issue from Buffalo.

Meanwhile, Buffalo officials apparently were alerted. They, too, refused the amiling unitl "an opinon is obtained from teh colicitor General in Washington." Rfiyot Rfestd Hilger said, "this will delay the paper at least 4 or 5 days."

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As long ago as 1868, Congress passed a law establishing an eight hour day for federal employees. However, as this law favored the working man no effort was made to enforce it.

Many years later, 1885, a concerted effort by the majority of the labor movement for the eight hour day was climaxed by demonstrations throughout the United States, on the first of May.

In Chicago alone some 40,000 men laid down their tools to take part.

Violence flared almost immediately, a bomb thrown by an unknown at Haymarket Square resulting in a number of deaths. Eight men were finally framed for the deed though all were demonstrably innocent

The judge's charge to the jury is not unlike those of today in Taft-Hartley and like cases, "If the past language of the accused has been such as to incite violence, they are guilty of this crime, even if they knew nothing about it and were not present when it was committed."

The powers that be would have Labor forget that May Day belongs to it, but History can't be erased.

—North Bend Breeze, ILWU Local 12

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Charles S. Kobayakawa, former owner of the Mixing Pot, is manager of the new $85,000 restaurant, the Crustacean, the latest of the growing list of outstanding eating establishments in rural Oahu. Kobayakawa, with a background of 20 years of experience, both in Honolulu and on the Mainland, offers guests a varied cuisine in picturesque and novel surroundings.

Next to the ancient Ukoa fish ponds, the Crustacean overlooks Haleiwa Bay and affords a spectacular view of the Waianae Mountains.

The restaurant offers a main dining room with seating capacity of 200, a cocktail lounge, a soda fountain and a bakery.

The cocktail lounge has a large aquarium filled with gold fish and carp, some as large as 10 lbs.

Food offered the guest include Japanese, Chinese and American dishes while, as the name of the restaurant indicates, specialties in sea food are featured items. Fresh lobsters as well as Kona and Alaskan King crabs are offered, as well as a variety of island and Mainland fish.

The Crustacean is open seven days a week.

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Hakalau Plantation Co. today is one of the "distressed" plantations. As with several other plantations, its "distress" follows a long history of super-dividends that milked off profits, leaving no healthy surplus for emergencies.

Peak dividend was 64 percent in 1920, but returns of 24 and 30 percent and higher were not uncommon.

Milked by Californians

Hakalau plantation dates from the late 1870's but was not incorporated until late in 1882. The stockholders who put up its original $1,000,000 capital were all Californians, which explains a lot of the dividend-milking. Even after C. Brewer & Co. bought out the Spreckels interests in 1948 its holdings in Hakalau amounted to only 46 per cent of the stock.

More recently Brewer has followed a policy of buying up the minority holdings in all of its plantations, giving the owners Brewer stock in return. Thus it can keep a tight rein on all the plantations and run them simply as departments of one big sugar company. Brewer now holds 93 1/4 per cent of Hakalau.

What Hakalau's profits were for the first 28 years of its career, the RECORD has no way of knowing. Substantial or better, no doubt.

Paid for Itself Every 4 Years

Over the period 1911-43 — omitting three years for which reports are missing— Hakalau piled an average of 23.8 percent net profits on actual paid-in capital. Likewise it paid its stockholders an average of 23.8 percent dividens. Hakalau was paying for itself every four years.

In spite of these dividends, somehow there were assets enough in the kitty for the plantation to transfer one million dollars from surplus capital account in a 10.0 per cent stock dividend. This was in 1922, at the close of two of the worst years in the sugar industry's history!

Sweet Rich Juice for Few

The stock dividend of course disguised profits, so that $240,000, the commonest dividend payment, appeared on the books as 12 per cent instead of the 24 per cent return it actually was on original investment.

Profits went to a very small group. In 1934 there were only 36 stockholders, 33 being San Francisco capitalists.

The end of such juicy dividends began in 1938, another of the industry's bad years. Six years later Hakalau bought out Wailea Milling Co., a 5,000-ton plantation launched in 1921 to service a group of small planters. To do this, Hakalau sold half a million dollars worth of preferred stock.

Then a real blow fell in 1946, when the tidal wave shattered the old mill in Hakalau gulch.

Relies Heavily on Plantations' Cane

For three years, 1944-46, dividends were paid, amounting: to $36,050 on preferred and $210,000 on common stock. After that, nothing. For the past four years profits have been coming in but not yet enough to offset the 1946-49 losses.

Average for all years, the recent bad ones along with the good, for the years on which we have reports, are net profits 16.8 per cent, dividends 16.9 per cent.

Hakalau is not one of the plantations that has to pay heavy tribute to landlords, for it owns in fee simple more than 25 square miles. At the same time it is one which relies heavily on outside plants, 14,276 tons out of 25,229 being produced by them in 1952. Compared with other plantations the decrease in employees has not been so drastic, there being 617 adult males in 1952 as compared with 684 in 1944.

"Labor — We are short of labor throughout the year and turnout was very unsatisfactory. Local and mainland agitators were and are responsible for this unrest." —Hakalau Plantation Co. annual report, 1937.

Who the "mainland agitators" are the RECORD would like to know. Can anyone enlighten us?

HAKALAU NET PROFITS AND DIVIDENDS

Net Profits and Cash Dividends, Based on Actual Paid-in Capital of $1,000,000. For 1923-1943 divide by 2 in order to arrive at the nominal returns, since capital was doubled by a stock dividend on Dec. 28, 1922.
Year                                    Net Profit Rate                                                      Dividend Rate

1911                                        33.4%                                                                        29%    
1912                                        ?                                                                                 37%
1914                                        35.4%                                                                          30%
1915                                        65.5%                                                                          60%
1916                                        81.6%                                                                          62%
1917                                        93.0%                                                                          62%
1919                                        38.9%                                                                          24 %
1920                                        96.2%                                                                          64%
1921                                        20.4%                                                                          34%
1922                                        26.3%                                                                          6%
1923                                        23.4%                                                                          30%
1924                                        32.3%                                                                          26%
1925                                        22.0%                                                                          24%
1926                                        27.8%                                                                          24%
1927                                        28.6%                                                                          24%
1928                                        25.0%                                                                          24%
1929                                        11.5%                                                                          28%
1930                                        7.0%                                                                            19%
1931                                        5.1%                                                                            3%
1932                                        (3.6%) loss                                                                   0%
1933                                        16.0%                                                                          12%
1934                                        8.9%                                                                            24%
1935                                        22.9%                                                                          24%
1936                                        25.9%                                                                          25%
1937                                        19.8%                                                                          18%
1938                                        (ll.0%) loss                                                                   3%
1939                                        9.7%                                                                            6%
1940                                        2.4%                                                                            0%
1941                                        7.0%                                                                            6.5%
1942                                        10.1%                                                                          10%
1943                                        17.8%                                                                          12.5%

"Another humane innovation undertaken last year at Hakalau was the providing of camp cooks for the Filipinos. The workmen of these races are apt to neglect to provide themselves with proper food in the morning, often because they oversleep" — after a 12-hour day--"and are unable to properly prepare their own food. The Hakalau management determined to obviate this danger and began furnishing cooks free of charge to the Filipinos who have no wives. One cook for about every 20 men is provided." —Honolulu Star-Bulletin, Centenary Number, 1920.
 

THE BIG ISLAND'S Puna district, scene of last year's volcanic eruption, offered an outstanding contradiction to the claim of plantations that they have brought the benefits of modern medicine to their workers. In the district, there was only one doctor to serve the needs of 8,000 people— that being the doctor from Olaa Plantation. A medical expert, making a survey of plantation needs in the Territory, estimated that there should be no more than 2,000 persons to a single doctor. The RECORD was the only paper to tell the story, though it was there for any paper to get. A similar story was that of a plantation girl of Honokaa, a free-bleeder who had to be rushed all the way to Hilo for proper treatment. Again, only the RECORD told readers about the case and what caused it.

From Dismissals to Oppenheimer Ban

In 1948 when the University of Washington, under the impact of the Canwell committee, dismissed Professors Butterworth and Phillips because they admitted membership in the Communist party and not because there was anything wrong with their scholarship, their honesty, or their performance as teachers, the way was opened for the dismissal of professors in general and for the decline of scholarship at the University of Washington. There is a direct line from the dismissals of 1948 to the banning of Robert Oppenheimer (from lecturing on physics) in 1955. Once political criteria are introduced as a primary cause for retention or dismissal of university professors, academic freedom has abandoned its first line of defense and must keep retreating to various unprepared positions, 110 one of which can be held for long under sustained attack. —Pres. Harold Taylor of Sarah Lawrence College

About $4.2 billion will be spent on new road construction during 1955, the Chicago Federal Reserve Bank estimates, roughly one-tenth of all construction. This is about 20 per cent above the 1954 expenditures.

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About 9,000 acres of land used for raising crops and grazing, including 800 acres of intensively cultivated crops, were burnt by the 1950 and 1955 lava flows on the Big Island.

“Apparently nothing can be done to prevent these volcanic effects,” says Harold A. Wadsworth, dean of the College of Agriculture, University of Hawaii. “But perhaps something can be done to aid in the return of these areas to economic use.”

Nature's Way Slow

Nature is slow in converting lava into soil but "perhaps we can do something to assist nature," he wrote in the Hawaii Farm Science, July issue.

"Rolling with heavy rollers or tractor treads to break up the surface and to provide fine material to fill the subsurface voids, suggests itself as a first step," he explained. "Other operations might include the careful planting of ohia, staghorn fern, and other early invaders of new flows."

Such operations would be most effective in areas of significant rainfall, but he declared that basic agricultural values to be reclaimed are greatest in areas of moderate to heavy precipitation. New Proposal

"All of our soils in Hawaii resulted from the effects of weathering upon ancient flows that presumably were not markedly different from the recent ones," Wadsworth explained. "Rainfall, temperature effects, root activity, and the gradual accumulation of organic matter work together, to transform lava into soil. And the most effective of these is rainfall."

And he continued that "Giving assistance to nature in its effort to turn rock into soil is a relatively new proposal in the local scene. The sequence of rolling, planting and fertilizing, with the added possibility of carrying in a minimum amount of good soil and some irrigation from a tank truck to promote the new growth, demands the best thought of everyone."

* *

Passion fruit production which is a promising new industry can utilize comparatively rough lava land not well suited to sugar cane and pineapple.

Revised official farm income figures show a bigger drop in 1954 than was previously announced, instead of $12.5 billion, farmers' 1954 net income is now put at slightly less than $12 billion.

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Mainland market potential of passion fruit juice is encouraging, according to a consumer acceptance study conducted in Redlands, Calif. by the local university's department of agricultural economics.

A report on test sales in the city with 22,000 population will be released soon by the university. The survey began with the introduction of frozen passion fruit juice, grown, processed and labeled by the Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station, into most Redlands stores in early May this year.

Samples Passed Out

Four thousand five hundred sample cups of the juice were passed out in the larger stores to familiarize consumers with the new products on busy Fridays and Saturdays. Publicity was carried on by Redlands stores through the press and radio.

"We plan to sell the juice in Redlands stores for a period of about three months," the quarterly Hawaii Farm Science reported recently.

This work will be followed up by a house-to-house survey of consumer acceptance.

Must Compete Pricewise

"In the meantime, a weekly record is being kept of the volume of sales of other frozen juices and their prices. This research may be continued for some months beyond the surveyed period in order to provide additional information on repeat sales, seasonality of sales, and competitive position in relation to other juices."

The test aims to determine volume sale of the juice at a price "reasonably competitive with the prices of other frozen juices. It is not to determine how a small quantity will sell at a high price."

For the passion fruit industry to develop, it must compete with similar products pricewise.

In Redlands the frozen juice is being retailed at 21 cents. "This is somewhat higher than the prices of most other juices in Redlands stores — but still considered within a competitive range," the agricultural quarterly says.

PRODUCTION COST HIGH

Most frozen juices in Redlands and other Southern California areas sell from 15 to 19 cents per six-ounce can in the larger stores and two cents higher in smaller stores.

While present production and processing costs are considered too high to permit sale of frozen passion fruit juice at 21 cents, the quarterly says that costs can possibly be cut to hold retail prices down to 21 cents.

NEXT TO ORANGE JUICE

During the demonstration period in May, passion fruit juice sold six to 10 cases per store over a two-day Friday and Saturday shopping weekend. By the end of May sales leveled off to two and three cases per week.

"But passion fruit juice was selling at least on par with lower volume juices in most Redland stores; in some stores its volume of sales exceeded that for all frozen juices except orange juice, of which there were several brands," the report said.

As more consumers become familiar with the product its sales in relation with other juices may be expected to increase but the Mainland market must not be taken for granted just because preliminary response has been encouraging, the report added.

Passion fruit for a new local industry is not a recent discovery. In 1932 it was considered a possible new industry and the Hawaii experiment station cultivated several hundred plants of seven varieties in Honolulu and Kona.

The purple type was much used as a flavoring for salads, in cool drinks and in sherbet.

Commercial growers gave the fruit scant attention, although it has been considered delectable. The Industrial Research Advisory Council carried on research on processing of the fruit and sent samples to Albany, Calif. The head of the food processing division of the firm said passion fruit has the best potentialities for Mainland consumer acceptance.

A public sensation came in Tokyo late in 1952 when the condition of young Choko Emori, one of seven girls in the Tokyo University Hospital was made known. Her eyes had been seriously burned by the Hiroshima blast, and for seven years the girl could not blink. The doctors had finally made it possible for the right eye to blink. Said the newspaper report: "If the left eye responds...she may get her first real sleep in years very soon." (Richard L. G. Deverall, The Great Seduc-tion, p. 59)

Imports by the U.S. increased sharply in the past year, from $829 million worth in May last year to $966 million in May this year.

But notably about $25 million worth of the $137 million May-to-May increase imports came from just three countries whose goods are offering increasing com-petition to American producers and causing an upsurge in protectionist sentiment. The three are:

1) Venezuela — from which an increasing stream of petroleum has caused the coal industry and the United Mine Workers to ask for a limit to oil imports.

2) Japan—which has increased its shipments to the U.S. from $22.8 million worth last May to $33.9 million in May 1955. Com-petition from Japanese goods has been particularly noticeable in canned goods, toys, pottery, cotton textiles and glassware.

3) West Germany — whose exports to the U.S. have increased in the one-year period from $21.8 million worth to $27.7 million.

WASHINGTON—(FP)—Discussion has been intensified in the national capital over the issue of Chinese students in the U.S. who came to this country under Nationalist Chinese auspices.

Despite the fact that Sec. of State John Foster Dulles has declared that all Chinese who want to go to either Formosa or to main-land China are free to do so, no one has made a comprehensive report on where the students now are or why. Peiping government officials have charged that the students do not yet feel free to ask to be returned home. Sen. William Knowland (R, Calif.) and the Nationalist Chinese embassy here have urged no one be "forced" back to mainland China.

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When the Olaa Sugar Co. began putting in a network of good roads for hauling cane by trucks during the early 30s, the plantation appeared far ahead of many others in mechanization.

Today, Olaa is the last to mechanize its harvesting operation. It has found ways of machine harvesting its sugar cane grown on shallow soil. This mechanization comes at a time when other plantations are attempting to effect another round of job elimination and reduction of force through mechanization. .

Create Unemployment

As the plantations speed up their operations and lay off employes, the unemployed go to towns and cities in the islands for new jobs. To help them the ILWU has announced it is making severance pay a major issue in coming negotiations.

How far the plantations will go in automation depends on many factors. One thing is certain, the elimination of repetitive labor by automation will create further un-employment.

Here the theory of the greater the output, the higher the living standard will not follow, for a few large employers will milk the profits.

The extent of automation can be seen from a recent issue of Wall Street Journal which describes the operation of a fully automatic railway yard where a man in the control tower pushes buttons to switch trains and sends cars to their destination in the yard.

No Job Security

But even this human button pusher has a "temporary" status. Tape-controlled yards will come next, according to D. B. Jenks, Rock Island Railroad executive vice president.

He said: "We expect to be able to run a train, for example, out of Chicago to our Silvis Yard and put into a primer in Chicago the cards (giving detailed cargo and destination information) for all cars on the train. The printer will cut a tape giving all the information on these cars. When the train gets to Silvis and is ready to be shoved over the hump in the classification yard, the tape will be fed into another machine which will automatically line the switches and adjust the retarders to handle classification of the train."

There is automation in fishing, too. A big laboratory in Hamburg is a testing ground for fishing with electricity. Fish arc sent into a net by irritating electrical fields. In the Bay of Biscay, for example, a French vessel uses electricity to knock out tuna weighing 600 pounds. The tuna is hauled in a few minutes. Ordinarily it takes three to four men an hour to play such a tuna in.

Organized Industries Hit

Automation hits big industries and they are the ones where workers are organized. Under a condition where greater productivity per worker means greater profit for a few big employers who invest in automation to cut labor costs, the living standards of people in general must be protected, labor and other economists say, through spreading the work by shorter workweek without reduction of pay.

Under such a program the number of people working will not be drastically cut. Small businessmen, self employed people including professionals--they are affected too by automation.

Hawaii had a favorable balance of trade up to 1938 but since then for 17 years it has had an unfavorable balance of trade.

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NEW YORK-(FP)-The first major industry contract providing for a full year of supplementary unemployment benefits plus a 13 cents hourly wage increase was won by the United Steelworkers (CIO) Aug. 13 for employes of the American and Continental Can Companies.

Steelworkers Pres. David J. Mc-Donald said the union would seek similar contracts in negotiations for 650,000 basic steel workers next year. "If I may be so bold as to brag," he told reporters, "nothing like this has ever before been achieved in American labor-management negotiations. This is out by itself."

The Can contracts cover 35,000 employes of the two companies.

The layoff pay plan, coming closer than anything yet won in a major contract to labor's objective of a guaranteed annual wage, calls for layoff pay benefits to run for a full 52 weeks for workers with three years seniority, in contrast to 26 weeks for auto workers under a complicated seniority setup. Steelworkers benefits will be equivalent to 65 per cent of take-home pay, including state unemployment benefits. "Under the auto industry plan, eligible laid off workers get 65 per cent for the first four weeks only, and 60 per cent for the remaining 22 weeks. Can company contributions, at the rate of about 5 cents an hour per worker, will begin Oct. 1, and benefits will be payable starting Oct. 1, 1956.

ATLANTA-(FP)-Backing down under heavy public protest, the Georgia Board of Education has rescinded its order to fire any teacher who supported or was sympathetic to the Natl. Assn. for the Advancement of Colored people.

But the board substituted a loyalty oath for teachers, and passed the responsibility for maintaining school segregation to local school authorities. The oath will oblige the teachers to "refrain from directly or indirectly subscribing to or teaching any theory of government or of social relations which is inconsistent with the fundamental principles of patriotism and the high ideals of Americanism."

To take care of a waiting list of at least 75 helpless, bedridden children, the Waimano Home urgently requires a third story on its hospital, according to the Oahu Health Council.

Fifty one new personnel are also needed, to maintain services and put the institution on a 40-hour work week, at a cost of $264,000.

JACKSON, Miss.—(FP) — The old dispute over whether newsboys are employes of a newspaper or "little merchants," as many publishers like to call them, was settled in favor of newsboys by the Mississippi supreme court here in a 5-4 ruling.

The case at issue involved accident compensation for Barney L. James, who distributed the Leader-Call of Laurel, and was injured by a car when making deliveries. Publishers have for years played up the "little merchant" angle so as to avoid any responsibility for newsboys as their employes. Newsboys are forced to pay out of their pockets when readers skip from the locality or refuse to pay.

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Ballplayers who fight, with their fists that is, have always been frowned upon by their league officials and often subjected to heavy fines—but they've always inspired high interest in the fans and they certainly made excellent copy for uninspired baseball writers.

None had a higher reputation as a scrappr than Tyrus Raymond Cobb, who made so many formal records in his years playing for the Detroit Tigers that no one ever bothered to keep track of his fighting records.

One of his best remembered fights was with Umpire Billy Evans, under the stands in Detroit. Evans had been something of a college boxer, and he had an educated left hand as well as a code of ethics. Before the fight start-ed, he asked Cobb, "How do you want to fight?"

The tough Georgian had a quick answer for that. He said, "I fight to kill."

If the umpire thought Cobb was kidding, he was dead wrong. The fight lasted for an hour and Evans' fancy left hand did a lot of damage in the early part, but the last 15 minutes, according to all reports,, were all Cobb. The Georgia Peach finally had Evans down on the ground trying to gouge his eyes when the bystanders pulled them apart.

One of the scrappiest of the old-timers was Adolph Luque, the Cuban who pitched for many years for the Cincinnati Reds. Once he and Charley Root of the Chicago Cubs engaged in a beaning contest, each hitting the other at least twice. The duel broke up in a fight finally.

Luque also once turned and started to bash Catcher Bucky O'Neil's mask in with his bat when he found the tricky Giant catcher tipping the bat with his glove.

Probably one of the strongest men ever in organized baseball was Jack Smith, a giant of 6 ft. 6 in. who played briefly with the Yank-ees but dropped to the minors— some said because he was so big he'd never signal for a low ball.

Once in Fairmont, W. Va., playing in the Middle Atlantic League, Smith got into a small beef with a batter of an opposing team. When the batter hit safely, Smith picked up his bat, as catchers often do, to toss it aside and clear the batter's box. Only Smith was angry and he gave it a tremendous one-handed fling that sent it sailing up over the grandstand—and entirely out of the ball park.

Art (Whataman) Shires, who played first base a few hectic seasons for the Chicago White Sox, took his fighting so seriously he got into the ring a few times, But big George Trafton of Chicago, a professional football player, stopped his prize ring career quickly by dumping him a couple of times and winning a decision.

Dizzy Got Lumps

Dizzy Dean had his fistic moments, but he learned early back in the Texas League, that he had limitations. That was after he dusted big Al Todd off twice with bean balls' and then told the pro-testing Todd, "If you don't like the way I pitch, come on out here."

Todd came and flattened the pitcher with a single punch.

Reporter Jarry Ward, who writes for Eagle magazine recalls Dizzy hollered, ''Foul! Nobody does that where I come from. We talk about it first and then start fighting. This guy had his gun drawn."

The congressional investigation of college professors is not and has not been an effort to gather knowledge to aid the country's educational system by legislation. It has been in the nature of a prosecution of teachers for political opinion and past affiliation. It has been an effort to control the politics of the American intellectual, using publicity and the country's anxiety about Communism as the chief instruments and it has been an effort to impose a political orthodoxy by men seeking political power. —Harold Taylor, president of Sarah Lawrence College

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"Gone but not forgotten" Bays Eagle for July, are the days when those who liked their beer were forced to make it at home—hence "home brew."

Like the Mainland cities from which Eagle's article of reminiscence is drawn, Honolulu has plenty of families whose members can remember when the manufacture of home brew was a regular project — the bottle-washing, the capping, and of course the mixing of the malt, yeast, etc. and the watchful waiting for the proper moment to start bottling to catch the beverage when it was just right.

If you waited too long, the beer would be slightly flat and -next to useless. But if you bottled too soon, it would be "wild," and extremely difficult to open without spraying the drinkers' exteriors in-stead of interiors, and maybe even the ceiling. If it were bottled too "wild," the bottles might very well explode—as they often did.

Cops Often a Factor

Degrees of legality varied, of course, even during the days of prohibition, with the locality. In Honolulu, there appears to have been no local law prohibiting the making of brew, so long as it was not sold. But many Mainland states had laws prohibiting such manufacture — in addition to the Federal Volstead Act.

A card of the period ran as follows:

"Mother's in the kitchen
Washing out the jugs.
Sister's in the pantry,
Bottling the suds.
Father's in the cellar,
Mixing up the hops.
Johnny's on the front porch
Watching for the cops."

The frustrating thing about home brew, from the prohibition agent's point of view, was that all the ingredients might be (and usually were) sold by neighbor-hood groceries and their sale could be explained as necessities for food.

For instance, malt syrup is used for various types of cooking and baking, hops for muffins, bottles and bottle-caps could be for ketch-up, or maybe grape juice. What about the rubber hose for siphoning into the bottles? Well, mightn't a man want to borrow gasoline occasionally.

The Eagle article recalls, however, that malt syrups of the day carried rather suggestive names like Gesundheit Malt, Double Dutch, Old Wurzburg, Nitecap and Pilzenbaur.

In the year of 1927, the magazine recalls, the dry U.S.A. produced 450 million pounds of malt syrup, or enough to make 6,500 million pints of home brew.

Though no one ever measured home brew in pints in those days, of course. Quarts were the smallest units worth going to all that trouble for.

And why, asks a Honolulu lady, don't people make home brew to-day? Well, probably the best answer is that it's just about as cheap, if you count in the time and trouble, to buy factory-made brew at your corner store. And there's not half as much chance of having the bottles explode.

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China is the show place of achievements in the Far East and representatives from newly independent countries and from colonial and semi-colonial areas visit the vast country. China's plan to double output in five years has inspired other economically backward areas.

The primary object of the visits is not to view the old palaces, the tombs, the Great Wall, etc., out to see and learn how the Chinese are tackling problems common to people of Asia—increasing production, industrialization, mass education, universal sanitation program, medical program, cultural activities, to mention some.

Shows Progress

Visitors do not think of going to Tibet, popularized in the past as a romantic, forbidden, inaccessible land at the top of the world, to accomplish the near impossible. A trip to Lhasa used to be considered a great achievement all around and a man like Lowell Thomas who went there, and returned to tell his listeners and reading public all about Tibet, made money.

The mere fact that Lhasa is no more an inaccessible place is proof of New China's tremendous advances. At tremendous cost the government built roads to Tibet, located in the far-off hinterland and neglected all these years.

China's road builders completed last December two highways across the Chinghai highland and the Sikang-Tibet plateau to meet in front of the Potala Palace in Lhasa—capital of Tibet. The Sikang-Tibet highway, 1,390 miles crossed 14 mountain ranges at an average altitude of 9,800 feet above sea level, and 10 rivers. The Chinghai-Tibet highway, almost as long, crosses 15 mountain ranges and four rivers. It lies at an altitude of about 13,000 feet above sea level and passes through desolate grasslands.

New Towns

New towns and settlements are growing along the Sikang-Tibet highway. Tamu in Sikang province was mere grassland last summer. Today it is a town 8,800 feet above sea level with a public auditorium, an administration building, club and hospital, bank and public square.

The men who built the roads had to hew their way through precipitous cliffs. They forged roaring torrents and stopped shifting sands. They overcame glaciers, penetrated dense virgin forests and filled up treacherous swamps. They endured the severe climate of the plateau where the temperature drops as low as 30 degrees (Centigrade) below zero.

For thousands of years this plateau was an almost inaccessible region to people of other parts of China. Communication was entirely dependent on animal transport. Caravans were organized for traveling, equipped with tents, bedding and food. Travel was slow and a caravan could make only one trip a year.

Prices Drop

From last December prices of manufactured goods, tea, salt and other necessities have been halved in Chamdo, major trading center in central Sikang. Motor convoys bring in improved farm tools, medical supplies and building materials. Iron ores from the plateau are now mined and sent to Chungking for processing. Delivery of mail between Chamdo and Lhasa now takes six days instead of 45 days.

The highways over the "roof of the world" gave a yardstick for measuring China's development and growth. The achievements of New China are far beyond what Chiang Kai-shek even dreamed of doing.

Tenzig Norgay, co-conqueror of Mt. Everest, brought world attention of his native Nepal through his dramatic and historic achievement.

The Nepalese mountaineer gave the world an idea that people of his country are strong mountain climbers, healthy and happy, by living close to nature at high altitudes, near Mt., Everest.

Primitive Transportation

But Nepal where Gurkha soldiers are recruited is a poor country. It is poverty which has always forced a large percentage of Nepalese men to seek employment as mercenary soldiers.

Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal, has one hospital, no university, no colleges and only one road. Goods are carried on human backs or by ropeway to the capital. Two jute mills are about the size of Kathmandu's industries. The country of 8,500,000 people has no legal code, no public utilities and no systematic administration. The Rana family ruled Nepal until 1950 with an iron hand but new stirrings changed all this. With the independence of India in 1947, the Nepalese people became more confident of themselves. A revolutionary movement against the Ranas began along the Indo-Nepal border by two million Nepalese living there. This movement was linked with the underground organization in Kathmandu.

Gurkhas Die Young

Since then politicians have been quarreling instead of bringing in reforms promised the people. There are 69 political parties. The Ranas have withdrawn from public life.

A few years ago Werner Kopp wrote in the Saturday Evening Post that "public services, education, communications and health services remained almost unknown. Hospital treatment is unknown. Tuberculosis abounds because of overcrowding and incorrect diet." The Gurkhas known widely as warriors fight against poverty all, their lives and they are peace-loving people. The Gurkha seldom lives beyond 40 years of age. He either dies in battle or dies from tuberculosis or malaria.

Industrial Potential

Despite all this poverty of Nepal, the country lias great potentials for industrialization of its area and of neighboring countries. A Swiss geologist making a survey under the UN technical assistance program believes Nepal has the greatest hydroelectric potential in the world."

Currently, according to political analysts, Nepal is important to the West as buffer against China. But in a world at peace, Nepal, like Tibet, can be developed economically and its people given a better deal.

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Embarrassing the government is an old American tradition. For my part, surveying the press of national problems, I sense an absolute need for fresh thought. I am not persuaded that every one of our national policies is beyond all doubt the wisest for us in our present time and place and situation. I fear more harm from everybody thinking alike than from some people thinking otherwise. The nation needs more men who march to a different drummer, not fewer. —Charles G. Bolte, executive secretary, American Book Publishers Council

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"We are the richest nation on earth with the poorest diet and the softest teeth."

So says George A. Shaheen, retired Honolulu businessman who gave up a thriving business several years ago to devote himself to telling people about the benefits of natural foods.

We Americans do a thorough job of frustrating Mother Nature's efforts to provide us with everything we need for glowing health and longevity, dietetically speaking, believes Mr. Shaheen.

Food Prices Higher

We squeeze, grind and strain our food until it is "pure"—practically pure of vitamins and minerals.

Hawaii, even more than the Mainland, needs information on proper diet and nutrition, for food prices are higher here than in most sections of the United States.

Whole grain wheat is the foundation of the diet proposed by Shaheen and wheat contains one and a half times as much protein and far more minerals and vitamins than rice, the backbone of average Hawaii diet. Yet you can buy a 100 pound sack of wheat for $6.50 while the same amount of rice will cost you $11.50.

Sticks To Ribs

Now most local people are too accustomed to the delicious snowy mound of rice on the dinner table to give it up without a struggle, but how about wheat for breakfast?

A serving of whole grain wheat with a piece of papaya or a banana sliced on it is a perfect breakfast. It sticks to the ribs like a steak dinner and is far less expensive than processed cereals even if it does come to the table more humbly than its puffed, popped, or sugared cousins. No colorful box, no Junior Air man badge, no Boy Rogers cardboard gun — but so much more health and energy for the school or work day.

Here's how to prepare the wheat:

One cup of dry kernels boiled for 40 minutes with 4 cups of water. This can foe boiled up in quantities in advance and stored in the refrigerator. It's just as good warmed up the next day or the next.

Raisins may be added for more flavor and the increase in iron helps round out the diet. Any fresh fruit will add variety and food value.

Whole grain wheat can be bought at several local markets as well as at health food centers.

The addition of wheat to the family diet is just the beginning of the delicious and inexpensive cookery possible to the informed and creative cook.

The new building of ILWU Local 142, Unit 12, will be named "Jack Wayne Hall" and dedication ceremony will be held Sept. 3.

The dedication will be part of a three-day Labor Day program of Unit 12.

The gala three-day event will feature a Labor Day parade from the school grounds to the Waimea-Haina junction. An invitation baseball tournament will feature games between the Honolulu Braves, Maui champs, Local All Stars, and a guest team from the service league.

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Boxers eye world titles in lower weight divisions.

The Filipinos who are eager to land a world boxing title have greater faith in their fighters after Plash Elorde defeated Sandy Saddler, world's featherweight champion, in a non-title bout.

This surprise victory has made Filipinos think that their fighters are underrated because they have been lighting only among them-selves.

Elorde is not even considered the best fighter of his weight. Furthermore, his victory has given confidence to the Filipinos that they can successfully compete for the world titles in the bantamweight and featherweight divisions. Up to recently their bid for world championship was confined to the flyweight division because of their fighters with world ratings like Leo Espinosa, Danny Kidd and Tanny Campo.

Espinosa Eyes Perez's Title

Filipino fighters have gone unnoticed because they haven't fought pugilists of international standing but now there is a growing influx of fighters from abroad to the Philippines. Also, Filipinos are going abroad to fight.

Leo Espinosa, No. 2. contender for the world flyweight title and bantamweight champion of the Orient, seeks a title bout with Pascual Perez of Argentina, world flyweight champion. He was among the first of current fighters to cross the ocean to fight on this side of the Pacific.

Little Cezar, 19-year-old bantamweight champion of the Philippines, is piling up an impressive record before he campaigns abroad. His objective is the bantamweight title of the world. He won his Philippines title in his 14th professional fight.

Boxing Booming

He has lost only once as a professional fighter and that to Leo Espinosa in a close fight. He carried the fight to Espinosa but his more experienced opponent kept away from him and scored enough points to win.

There are plenty of signs that Filipino fighters will get into world title competition at a stepped up pace. The cauliflower trade is booming in the Philippines with promoters bringing in fighters from abroad. In. the lower weight bracket, from bantamweight to lightweight, there are many fighters in the Philippines.

In a recent fight Italo Scortichini, stable mate of Saddler, bounced Philippines middleweight champion Young Paulino like a rubber ball and took away his title.

Tommy Romulo, former Philippines lightweight champion, who packs the most deadly punches of Filipino lightweights, TKO'd Jim-my Ripley, the American-Samoan fighter.

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Jack Dempsey's only excuse when he lost to Gene Tunney the first time was: "I forgot to duck." This is now a famous phrase.

Another famous remark came from a boxer. Bob Fitzimmons, rated at the top among the deadliest of heavyweight clouters, used to enjoy putting away the big ones. Once he belted a six feet four, 250-pounder and remarked: "The bigger they are the harder they fall!"

And a boxer's wife used "bacon" expressively. Joe Gans, greatest lightweight champion, was in Goldfield, Nevada, to fight Battling Nelson. Joe Gans received a wire from his Mrs. and it read, "Bring home the bacon, Joe.'' It was signed, "Your Mammy."

Joe went 42 terrific rounds under the blistering desert sun and won the fight.

Joe Louis is known for his few word comments. About Billy Conn, he remarked: "He can run, but he can't hide when we get in the ring."

The Hawaii longshore division of ILWU will observe its 20th year anniversary, Sept. 24 with a luau at Piihonua Gym.

The luau will be held in honor of Harry L. Kamoku, organizer and founder of ILWU in Hilo port. The luau will begin at 5:30 p.m. Kamoku is now a resident of California.

Hawaii's dock workers organized themselves when big employers openly used force and violence against workers. The "Bloody Monday" shooting of August 1938 is being observed annually by longshoremen and clerks in Hilo.

The longshoremen in Hilo spark-plugged the drive to organize other industries there and big employers used the police to weaken and destroy their organization. The workers strengthened their solidarity and became more militant.

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Tenzig Norgay, co-conqueror of Mt. Everest, brought world attention of his native Nepal through his dramatic and historic achievement.

The Nepalese mountaineer gave the world an idea that people of his country are strong mountain climbers, healthy and happy, by living close to nature at high altitudes, near Mt., Everest.

Primitive Transportation

But Nepal where Gurkha soldiers are recruited is a poor country. It is poverty which has always forced a large percentage of Nepalese men to seek employment as mercenary soldiers.

Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal, has one hospital, no university, no colleges and only one road. Goods are carried on human backs or by ropeway to the capital. Two jute mills are about the size of Kathmandu's industries. The country of 8,500,000 people has no legal code, no public utilities and no systematic administration. The Rana family ruled Nepal until 1950 with an iron hand but new stirrings changed all this. With the independence of India in 1947, the Nepalese people became more confident of themselves. A revolutionary movement against the Ranas began along the Indo-Nepal border by two million Nepalese living there. This movement was linked with the underground organization in Kathmandu.

Gurkhas Die Young

Since then politicians have been quarreling instead of bringing in reforms promised the people. There are 69 political parties. The Ranas have withdrawn from public life.

A few years ago Werner Kopp wrote in the Saturday Evening Post that "public services, education, communications and health services remained almost unknown. Hospital treatment is unknown. Tuberculosis abounds because of overcrowding and incorrect diet." The Gurkhas known widely as warriors fight against poverty all, their lives and they are peace-loving people. The Gurkha seldom lives beyond 40 years of age. He either dies in battle or dies from tuberculosis or malaria.

Industrial Potential

Despite all this poverty of Nepal, the country lias great potentials for industrialization of its area and of neighboring countries. A Swiss geologist making a survey under the UN technical assistance program believes Nepal has the greatest hydroelectric potential in the world."

Currently, according to political analysts, Nepal is important to the West as buffer against China. But in a world at peace, Nepal, like Tibet, can be developed economically and its people given a better deal.

Tenzig Norgay, co-conqueror of Mt. Everest, brought world attention of his native Nepal through his dramatic and historic achievement.

The Nepalese mountaineer gave the world an idea that people of his country are strong mountain climbers, healthy and happy, by living close to nature at high altitudes, near Mt., Everest.

Primitive Transportation

But Nepal where Gurkha soldiers are recruited is a poor country. It is poverty which has always forced a large percentage of Nepalese men to seek employment as mercenary soldiers.

Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal, has one hospital, no university, no colleges and only one road. Goods are carried on human backs or by ropeway to the capital. Two jute mills are about the size of Kathmandu's industries. The country of 8,500,000 people has no legal code, no public utilities and no systematic administration. The Rana family ruled Nepal until 1950 with an iron hand but new stirrings changed all this. With the independence of India in 1947, the Nepalese people became more confident of themselves. A revolutionary movement against the Ranas began along the Indo-Nepal border by two million Nepalese living there. This movement was linked with the underground organization in Kathmandu.

Gurkhas Die Young

Since then politicians have been quarreling instead of bringing in reforms promised the people. There are 69 political parties. The Ranas have withdrawn from public life.

A few years ago Werner Kopp wrote in the Saturday Evening Post that "public services, education, communications and health services remained almost unknown. Hospital treatment is unknown. Tuberculosis abounds because of overcrowding and incorrect diet." The Gurkhas known widely as warriors fight against poverty all, their lives and they are peace-loving people. The Gurkha seldom lives beyond 40 years of age. He either dies in battle or dies from tuberculosis or malaria.

Industrial Potential

Despite all this poverty of Nepal, the country lias great potentials for industrialization of its area and of neighboring countries. A Swiss geologist making a survey under the UN technical assistance program believes Nepal has the greatest hydroelectric potential in the world."

Currently, according to political analysts, Nepal is important to the West as buffer against China. But in a world at peace, Nepal, like Tibet, can be developed economically and its people given a better deal.