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[J. Stanley Gardiner, a naturalist, visited Rotuma for 3 1/2 months in 1896. He was a keen observer and conducted extensive interviews on a range of topics. His account, published in 1898 in the Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 27:396-435, 457-524, is the most comprehensive ethnography of Rotuma published in the nineteenth century. It is an indispensable source for studies of Rotuman culture and history.]

Note: Any citations drawing on this material should acknowledge the website address <http://www2.hawaii.edu/oceanic/rotuma/os/hanua.html>, the date of downloading, and full citation of the original publication.

Introduction

XIV.

The Sou and his Officers.

I.

Discovery and Historical.

XV.

Religion.

II.

Early Canoe Voyagers.

XVI.

Warfare.

III.

Physical and Moral Characteristics.

XVII.

Cannibalism.

IV.

Dress, Ornaments, and Tattooing.

XVIII.

Marriage.

V.

Mats, Baskets, Thatch, and Sinnet.

XIX.

Tenure of Land.

VI.

Planting, Food, and Cookery.

XX.

Sports, Games, and Toys

VII.

The Kava Ceremonial.

XXI.

Singing and Dancing.

VIII.

Hooks, Nets, and Fishing.

XXII.

Medicine and Surgery.

IX.

Districts and their Government.

XXIII.

Decrease of the Native Population.

X.

Graveyards.

XXIV.

Language.

XI.

Houses and their Foundations.

XXV.

Legends.

XII.

Canoes and Drum.

Appendix I. List of the Last Sixty Sou.

XIII.

Stone and Shell Axes.

Appendix II. Language [Vocabulary].

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