HE KANAWAI No Ka Hoomalu Ana I Na Haku A Me Na Kauwa*		AN ACT For the Government of Masters and Servants
E HOOHOLOIA e na’Lii o ka Ahaolelo a me ka Poeikohoia o ko Hawaii Pae Aina I akoakoa e kau Kanawai:		BE IT ENACTED by the House of Nobles and Representatives of the Hawaiian Islands, in Legislative council assembled :
1. Elua no ano kauwa ma keia Aupuni; penei: O ka poe haumana oia ka poe i hoolimalima e hana malalo o kekahi i mea e ao ai i kekahi hana okoa, a i mea e pili ai me ka naauao, a i wahi hana maoli e ae paha. O ka poe hoolimalima e hana ma ka la, a ma ka hebedoma, a ma ka malama , a ma ka makahiki, a i kekahi wa i oleloia, a loaa no ka uku no ia hana.		1. There are two kinds of servants in this kingdom, viz : Apprentices, that is, those engaged to serve any one in order to learn some art, trade, profession, or other employment. Those who engage to serve by the day, week, month, year or other fixed time, in consideration of certain wages.
2. O na keiki a pau i oi aku mamua o na makahiki he umi e hiki no ke hoopaaia i haumana paha a i kauwa paha, a ina he kaikamahine, e paa no a hiki i ka makahiki umikumumawalu; a i ole ia, i kona wa e mareia'i maloko o ia manawa; a ina he keiki kane e paa no a hiki i ka makahiki iwakalua; menei hoi e hoopaaia'i: Na ka makuakane e hoopaa i kana keiki, a ina i make ia, a ina he mea hiki ole ia ia ke hana no ka pupule, no ka hupo loa, no ka ona pinepine, a o kekahi kumu e ae; a ina paha i haalele loa i kona ohana, aole malama pono ia lakou, alaila, Na ka makuahine, a ina paha i make ka makuahine, a ina he mea hiki ole ia ia, a ina paha e hoole oia, alaila, Na ka mea i hooliloia i kahu nona; ina aole makua e ola ana o ua keiki la, a ina he mea hiki ole i ka makua ke hoopaa a e hoolilo paha ia ia i haumana, aole hoi ona kahu, alaila, Na ke Kiaana oka Mokupuni kahi e noho ai ua keiki la.		2. All minors above the age of ten years, may be bound as apprentices or servants, if females, to the age of eighteen years, or to the time of their marriage within that age, and if males, to the age of twenty years, in the manner following : By the father of such minor : if he be dead, or be incompetent so to do from lunacy, idiocy, habitual drunkenness or other cause, or if he shall have abandoned and neglected to provide for his family, then, By the mother : if the mother be dead, or incompetent, or if she refuse, then, By the guardian of such minor, duly appointed. If such minor have no parent living, or none competent to bind or apprentice him or her, and there be no guardian, then, By the governor of the island in which such minor shall reside.
.3. Aole e hoopaaia kekahi keiki, ke ole ka palapala hoopaa no na aoao elua, i kakauia a i ka haiia hoi na inoa a e haawi i na aoao elua, a na ka makuakane, ka makuahine, ke kahu, a o ke Kiaaiana paha e malama i ka ke keiki palapala, i mea e pono ai nona.		3. No minor shall be bound as aforesaid unless by a contract of two parts, signed and delivered by both parties ; and one part shall be kept for the use of the minor by his father, mother, guardian or the governor
4. O na olelo hoopaa a pau e hoopaa ana i kekahi keiki, e like me ka mea i oleloia maluna, e komo no ka pauku e hoopaa ana i ka haku o ua keiki la, e hoonaauao ia ia ma ka heluhelu, a me ke kakaulima, a ina he keiki kane, e hoonaauao hoi ia ia ma na kumu nui o ka helu.		4. Every contract for the binding out of any minor as aforesaid, shall contain an agreement on the part of the person to whom such minor shall be bound, that he will cause such minor to be instructed to read and write, and if a male, will cause him to be further instructed in the general rules of arithmetic.
5. E kakauia no ma ka olelo hoopaa, na makahiki o ke keiki, a e manaoia o na makahiki i oleloia malaila, oia na makahiki oiaio, me ka imi ole hou aku.		5. The age of every minor shall be inserted in the contract, and shall be taken to be the true age, without further proof thereof.
6. O na dala a pau, a he mau mea e ae paha e hookaaia, a e aeia paha e ka Haku, a ua kakauia ma ka palapala hoopaa keiki; a ua kakauia hoi mamuli o na pauku o keia Kanawai, e hookaaia, a e hoopaaia paha i mea e pono ai ua keiki hoopaa la wale no.		6. All considerations of money or other things, paid or allowed by the master, upon any contract of apprenticeship, made in pursuance of the foregoing provisions of this act, shall be paid or secured to the sole use of the minor thereby bound.
7. E ninau no na makua, na kahu, a me na Kiaaina o ko lakou mau Mokupuni iho, i ka mea i hanaia main a keiki a lakou i hoopaa aku ai, a i na keiki hoi i hoopaaia e ko lakou mua ma ka oihana, a e malama ia lakou i ka hana ino ia mai, a me ka malama ole, a me ka hooko.		7. Parents, guardians, and the governors of the respective islands shall enquire into the treatment of minors bound by them respectively, and of all who shall have been bound by their predecessors in office, and defend them from all cruelty, neglect, misusage, or breach of contract, on the part of their master.
8 Ina paha e hana ino, a e hoeha, a e hana kue paha kekahi haku i ke ano o ka olelo hoopaa, a kue hoi i ke keiki i hoopaaia, e hiki no i ka makuakane, a i ka makuahine, i ke kahu, i ke Kiaaina, a i ke keiki iho no, ke hoopii i kekahi Lunakanawai Kaapuni, a i ka Lunakanawai Apana paha o ka Mokupuni kahi e noho ana ua haku la, a nana e hoolohe, a e hoolohe no ka mea i hoopiiia. ole ika olelo.		8. 1f any master shall be guilty of any cruelty, misusage, or violation of the terms of the contract, towards any- minor so bound, a complaint may be made by the father, mother, guardian, governor or minor, to any local circuit or district justice of the island in which said master shall reside, who shall have all the requisite powers (or hearing and determining such complaint.
9. A i kona hoolohe ana i ka na aoao elua, a i ka ka mea hoohahi paha, ina e hole ka haku, aole e hele mai mahope o ke kii ana, ina e ko ka mea hoopii, na ka Lunakanawai e hooholo i kona manao, i hoopauia ka olelo hoopaa, a na ka haku e uku mai i ke koina, a e hoopukaia ka palapala ohi mamuli o ka olelo hooholo.		9. After a full hearing of the parties, or of the complainant, if the master shall neglect to appear after being duly notified, the magistrate, in case the complaint is sustained, may render a judgment that the minor be discharged from his apprenticeship, and for the costs of the suit against the master, and may issue execution accordingly.
10. Ina i maopopo, aohe kumu kupono no ka olelo hoopii, e hiki no i ka Lunakanawai ke hooholo, na ka mea hoopii e uku mai i ke koina, a e hoopuka i ka palapala ohi mamuli o ka olelo hooholo.		10. If it shall appear that the complaint was made without any just or reasonable cause, the magistrate may award costs for the master against the complainant, and issue execution accordingly.
11. E pili no ke Kanawai i na haku a pau, ina e hoopilia oia a hoopii ole ia paha, no ka malama ole i ka olelo hoopaa, a no ka hana ole e like me ke ano o ka olelo hoopaa, a o na mea i loaa ma ia hookolokolo ana, na ke keiki maoli no ia.		11. Every master shall moreover be liable, whether such complaint be filed or not, to an action on the contract, for the breach of any covenant on his part therein contained, and all damages recovered in such action shall be the property of the minor.
12. Oia hoopii ana, e hiki no i ka makua, i ke kahu, i ke Kiaaina, a o kona hope, nana e malama i ke keiki, a i ke keiki iho no, ke hoopii mahope iho o ka pau ana o ka Manawa i hoopaaia'i.		12. Such action may be brought either by the parent, guardian or governor or their successors in the trust of the minor, or by the minor himself, after the expiration of the term of apprenticeship or service.
13. Aole e ko ua hoopii la ke ole e hoomakaia i ka wa i hoopaaia'i ua keiki la; a i ole ia, maloko o na makahiki elua mahope mai oka hoopaa ana.		13. No such action shall be maintained unless it be commenced during the term of apprenticeship or service, or within two years after the expiration thereof.
14. Ina e hooholoia ka hoopii ana, a ua hoomakaia i ka wa i noho hoopaaia'i ke keiki, a ko no oia ma ka hookolokolo ana, alaila, na ka Lunakanawai no ma ka manao o ka mea hoopii, e hoopau i ka olelo hoopaa i ke keiki.		14. If judgment in such action, brought during the term of service or apprenticeship, shall be rendered in favor of the plaintiff, the magistrate may upon motion of the plaintiff may discharge the minor from his apprenticeship or service.
15. Ina paha e haalele kumu pono ole kekahi haumana, a he kauwa i hoopaaia, i ka hana a kona haku, e hiki no i kekahi Lunakanawai Apana, a i ka poe Lunakanawai hoomalu paha, o keia Aupuni ma ka hoopii i hanaia malalo o ka hoohikiia e ka haku paha, a e ka mea pani hakahaka nona, ke hoopuka i ka palapala kii e hopu i ka haumana, a i ke kauwa paha, a e kai mai ia ia imua o ua Lunakahnawai la; a ina e ko ka mea hoopii, alaila, e kauoha aku ka Lunakanawai i ka mea hewa, e hoihoiia i kona haku, a e koiia oia e hookauwa i hapalua ka manawa o kona nalowale ana, ke hoolaulea ole oia i kona haku no ka poino i loaa ma kona nalowale ana. Aka hoi, o keia hana hou ana, aole ia e oi aki mamua oka makahiki hookahi mahope mai o ka manawa e pau ai kona hoopaa ana.		15. If any apprentice or servant bound as aforesaid shall, without just cause, depart from the service of his master, any district or police justice of the kingdom, upon complaint made under oath by the master, or by anyone on his behalf, may issue a warrant to apprehend the apprentice or servant and bring him before the said justice; and if the complaint shall be supported, the justice shall order the offender to be restored to his master, and he shall be compelled to serve double the time of his absence, unless be shall make satisfaction for the loss and injury sustained by such absence : Provided, however, that such additional term of service shall not extend beyond one year next after the end of the original term of service.
16. O ka palala kii i kauia na kekahi luna a na ka mea e ae ma kona inoa, o kona mea maopopo no ia e kai aku i ka mea nona ke hewa i kahi i noho ai kona haku, ina paha ma kekahi Mokupuni e ae o keia Aupuni.		16. The justice's warrant when directed to any -officer or other person. by name, shall authorize him to convey the offender to the place of residence of the master, although it may be on any other island in the kingdom.
17. O na koina a pau ma ia hoopii ana i ke kauwa, a i ka haumana, e hookaa mua ia, e ka mea nana e hoopii; a ina e ko ka mea hoopii, e loaa hou mai i ka haku ua koina la o ka hookolokolo ana, a hiki aku ua keiki la i ka nui.		17. All the costs incurred in any such process against a servant or apprentice, shall be paid, in the first instance by the complainant, and if the complaint shall be supported, the master may recover the amount of such costs in an action against the minor, after be shall arrive at full age.
18. Ina paha e kolohe nui ua haumana nei, a o ua kauwa nei paha, a e hoole maoli, aole e hapai i kana hana, na kona haku no e hoopii i ka Lunakanawai Kaapuni, a i ka Lunakanawai Apana paha o ka Mokupuni kahi e noho ai ua haku la, a e hiki no i kekahi o ia mau Lunakanawai ke hoolohe, a e hooponopono aku.		18. if any such apprentice or servant shall be guilty of any gross misbehavior behavior, or refusal to do his duty, or wilful neglect thereof, his mater may make complaint thereof to any local circuit or district justice of the island in which said master shall reside, who all requisite powers for hearing and determining such complaint.
19. A mahope iho o ka Iohe ana i na aoao elua, a i ka aoao paha o ka mea hoopii, a ina e hoole kela aoao, aole e hele mai mahope o kona kii'na, ina paha e ko ka mea nana e hoopii, na ka Lunakanawai e hoolohe i kona manao e hoopau i ka palapala hoopaa, a ua kaawale ka haku; a na ka haumana a o ke kauwa paha me na koina o ka hookolokolo ana; a na ka makua, a o ke kahu paha o ua keiki la, in a paha oia ka mea i hana pu i ka olelo hoopaa, e hookaa ia koina, a e hoopukaiaa ka palapala ohi no ia koina; a ina aohe makua; aohe kahu nana e hookaa ia koina, e loaa no ma ka hoopii ana i ke keiki mahope aku o kona hiki ana'ku i ka nui.		19. After a full bearing of the parties, or of the complainant alone, if the adverse parties neglect to appear after being duly notified, the magistrate, is case the complaint in sustained,' may render a judgment that the master be discharged from the contract of apprenticeship or service and for. the cost of' the suit ; such costs to be recovered of the parent or guardian of the minor, if there be one who executed the contract, and execution therefor may be issued accordingly : and if there be no parent or guardian liable for such costs, the amount thereof may be recovered in an action against the minor, after he shall have arrived at full age.
20. O ka palapala hoopaa haumana, a i kauwa paha i hanaia mamuli o ka olelo o keia Kanawai, aole ia e hoopaa i ke keiki mahope aku o ka make ana o kona haku; aka, mai ia wa mai, e hoopauia ka palapala hoopaa keiki; e hiki nae ke hoopaa hou ia.		20. No contract of apprenticeship or service made in pursuance of the foregoing provisions of this act, shall bind the minor after the death of his master, but the apprenticeship or service shall be thence-forth discharged, and the minor may be bound out anew.
21. O ka palapala hoopaa haumana a i kauwa paha i hanaia malalo o ka olelo o keia Kanawai, a ma ka aoao hoi o kekahi keiki, e hiki no ke hanaia me ke kaikamahine a i ke keikikane paha, e pili like no na pauku a pau o keia Kanawai i na haku wahine a me na haku kane.		21. Any contract of apprenticeship or service made in pursuance of the foregoing provisions of this act, on behalf of a minor, may be made either with a woman or a man, and all the foregoing provisions shall apply as well to mistresses as to masters.
22. O ka mea i hiki aku i na makahiki he iwakalua, e hiki no ia ia iho ke hoopaa iaia ma ka palapala hoopaa e hana mamuli o hai ma kekahi hana akamai, paahana, imi naauao a ma ka hana e ae paha, aole nae e oi aku i na makahiki elima.		22. Any person who has attained the age of twenty years, may bind himself or herself, by written contract to serve another in any art, trade, profession, or other employment, for any term not exceeding five years.
23. O pa palapala a pau e hoopaa ana i ka hana i hanaia ma kekahi aina kahiki, me ka manao e hooko io ia no maanei, ke ole e kue ua palapala hoopaa la i na Kanawai o keia Aupuni, e paa no maanei: Aka hoi, ina e hoopaa ua palapala hoopaa la a oi aku i na makahiki he umi, e hoemi iho ia a kupono me kela Manawa, mai ka la I pae mai ai ma keia Aupuni ka helu ana.		23. All engagements of service contracted in a foreign country to be executed in this, unless the same be in contravention of the laws of this, shall be binding here : Provided, however, that all such engagements made for a longer period than ten years, shall be reduced to that limit, to count from the day of the arrival of the person bound is this kingdom.
24. O kekahi mea i paa mamuli o ke Kanawai e hana i kekahi hana, a ma kona manao wale iho no e haalele wale i ka hana me ka ae ole o kona haku, e hiki no i kekahi Lunakanawai Apana, a i ka Lunakanawai hoomalu paha o keia Aupuni, ma ka hoopii i hanaia malalo o ka hoohikiia e ka haku paha, a e ka mea pani hakahaka nona, ke hoopuka i ka palapala kii e hopu i ua mea la, a e kai mai ia ia imua o ua Lunakanawai la; a ina e ko ka mea hoopii, alaila e kauoha aku ka Lunakanawai ia hihia, e hoihoiia i kona nalowale ana; ke hoolaulea ole oia i kona haku no ka poino i loaa ma kona nalowale ana; aka hoi, o keia hana hou ana, aole ia e oi aku mamua o ka makahiki hookahi mahope mai o ka manawa e pau ai kona hoopaa ana.		24. If any person lawfully bound to service, shall wilfully absent himself from such service, without the leave of his master, any district or police justice of the kingdom upon complaint made under oath by the master, or by any one on his behalf, may issue a warrant to apprehend such person an bring him before the said justice; and if the complaint shall be sustained, the justice shall order such offender to be restored to his master, and he shall be compelled to serve double the time of his absence, unless be shall make satisfaction to the master for the loss and injury sustained by such absence: Provided, always, that such additional term of service shall not extend beyond one year next after the end of the original term of service.
25. Ina e hoole kekahi mea i hoopaaia, aole e hana mamuli o keia pauku hope, aole mamuli o ka palapala hoopaa, e hiki no i kona haku ke hoopii i kekahi Lunakanawai Apana, a i ka Lunakanawai hoomalu paha ma kahi ona e noho ai, a nana no ma ka palapala kii paha, a ma kea no e ae paha e kii aku i ka mea e hoole ana, a ina e hoomau oia ma ka hoole, e hookomo ia ia ma ka halepaahao, a malaila e noho ai ma ka hana hooluhi, a ae mai oia e hana mamuli o ke Kanawai.		25. If any such person shall refuse to serve according to the provisions of the last section, or the terms of his contract, his master may apply to any district or police justice, where he may reside, who shall be authorized by warrant, .or otherwise, to send for the person so refusing, and if such refusal be persisted in, to commit such person to prison, there to remain at hard labor until be will consent to serve according to law.
26. O ka palapala kii a ka Lunakanawai, a o kana kauoha paha i oleloia ma ka pauku iwakaluakumamaha o keia Kanawai, a ua kahaia na kekahi Luna, a na ka mea e ae ma kona inoa, o kona mea maopopo no ia e kai aku i ka mea nona ka hewa i kahi e noho ai o kona haku, ina paha ma kekahi Mokupuni e ae o keia Aupuni.		26. The justice's warrant or order, mentioned in the twenty-fourth section of this act, when directed to any officer or other person by name, shall authorize him to convey the offender to the place of residence of the master, although it may be in any other island in the kingdom.
27. O na koina a pau ma ka hoopii ana i kekahi kauwa malalo o ka pauku iwakaluakumamaha, a o ka iwakaluakumamalima paha o keia Kanawai, e hookaa mua ia e ka mea nana e hoopii, a ina e ko ka mea hoopii, e loaa no i ka haku ka hooholoia a me ka palapala hoomalu kue i ke kauwa nona ka hewa.		27. All the costs incurred in any process against a servant under either the twenty-fourth or twenty-fifth sections of 'this act shall be paid in the first instance by the complainant ; and if the complaint shall be sustained the master shall have judgment and execution therefor against the offending servant.
28. Ina paha e hana oolea kekahi haku a e hana ino paha, a e hana kue i kea no oka palapala hoopaa i kekahi mea i hoopaaia e hana malalo o ka pauku iwakaluakumamalua, a o ka iwakaluakumamakolu paha o keia Kanawai, e hiki no ia ia ke hoopii i kekahi Lunakanawai Apana, a i ka Lunakanawai hoomalu paha, a nana no e kii i na aoao elua e hele mai imua ona, a e kuka oia a e hoolohe a e hooholo i ka hoopii ana, a ina e ko ka mea hoopii, alaila e hoopauia ka palapala hoopaa, aole e hookauwa hou aku I ua haku la, a e uku mai ka haku, aole malalo o na dala elima, aole nae e oi aku i na dala hookahi haneri; a ina, aole oia e hookaa mai, e paa no oia ma ka halelpaahao a hookaaia.		28. If any 'master shall be guilty of any cruelty, misusage or violation of any of the terms of the contract, towards any person bound to service either under the twenty-second or twenty-third sections of this act, such person may make complaint to any district or police justice, who shall summon the parties before him, examine into, bear sad determine the complaint ; and if the complaint shall be sustained, such person shall be discharged from all obligations of service, and the master shall be fined in a sum, not less than five nor exceeding one hundred dollars, and in default of the payment thereof, be imprisoned! at bard labor until the same is paid.
29. O ka palapala hoopaa hana i hanaia mamuli o ka pauku iwakaluakumamakua, a o ka iwakaluakumamakolu paha o keia Kanawai, aole ia e hoopaa hou ia i kauwa mahope iho o ka make ana o kona haku; Aka, ina e hoopaaia kekahi kauwa malalo o kekahi poe, o ka make ana o kekahi o ua poe la, a o ka hoololi ana i ua poe la, aole ia he mea e pau ai ke ano o kana palapala hoopaa.		29. No contract of service made in pursuance of the twenty-second or twenty-third sections of this-act, shall bind the servant after the death of his master : Provided, however, that where servants shall be so bound by any company of individuals, the death of any one partner or the change of partners in such company, shall not operate to release such servant from the terms of his contract.
30. Aohe mea ma keia Kanawai e hoole i ka hookolokolo ana, a e ko no ka poino ma ka aoao o ka haku, ma ka aoao o ke kauwa paha, no ka malama ole ike ano o ka palapala hoopaa.		30. Nothing in this act contained shall be construed to destroy the right of civil action for damages by the master or servant for breach of contract.
31. E pili no keia Kanawai mai ka la e hoopukaia'i ma ka Nupepa Polunesia a ma ka Elele hoi.		31. This act shall take effect from and after the day of its publication in the Polynesian and Elele newspapers.
Hanaia a hooholoia ma ka Hale Ahaolelo ma Honolulu, i keia la 20 o Iune, M. H. 1850.                                 KAMEHAMEHA KEONI ANA.		Done and passed at the council house in Honolulu, this 21st day of June, A. D. 1850.                                 KAMEHAMEHA. KEONI ANA
source: He Kanawai Hoopai Karaima No Ko Hawaii Pae Aina, I hoohololia Ena'Lii a me ka Poe I Kohoia, 1850, pp. 104-108