Inoa

Lawaiʻa

Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo

ʻO ka ʻoihana lawaiʻa kekahi o nā ʻoihana waiwai loa o ka poʻe Hawaiʻi, ʻoiai he ʻoihana naʻauao ia no ke kiʻi ʻana i nā iʻa likeʻole no ka ʻai a kānaka. Nui ʻino nā ʻano o ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma Hawaiʻi i lawelawe ʻia e nā kūpuna. Like pū ka nui o nā lako i hoʻohana ʻia no ka lawaiʻa ʻana i nā ʻano iʻa ʻokoʻa a no ka lawaiʻa ʻana i nā wahi like ʻole o kekahi, e like me ka moana a iʻole ma ke kai kohola a i ʻole ma kahi ʻē aʻe nō paha. 

ʻO ke koʻa kekahi mea i kūkulu ʻia e nā lawaiʻa no ka mālama ʻana i ia wahi he wahi maikaʻi no ka lawaiʻa ʻana. ʻO ka maʻamau, kūkulu ʻia nā koʻa i nā pōhaku a aia i kahi kokoke i ke kai a he inoa ko ke koʻa. ʻO ke kūʻula kekahi mea nui no ka poʻe lawaiʻa. ʻAno like ke kūʻula me ka heiau no ka lawaiʻa ʻana, ʻoiai he mea hoʻolaʻa ia i nā akua o ka lawaiʻa ʻana i nui a maikaʻi ka lawaiʻa ʻana. 

ʻO ka moʻolelo o ʻAiʻai no Maui a me kona mau mākua, ʻO Kūʻulakai a me Hinapukuiʻa, ka moʻolelo nui pili i ka lawaiʻa a pili pū i ke kumu o nā koʻa a me nā kūʻula ma Hawaiʻi. No ʻAleamai, Hāna, Maui o ʻAiʻai, a nāna nō i kūkulu i mau koʻa a me nā kūʻula a puni ka pae ʻāina o Hawaiʻi.  

Ma ka makahiki 1902, mai ka lā 24 o Pepeluali a i ka lā 4 o Iulai, ua kākau ʻo Daniel Kahāʻulelio, he kamaʻāina o Lāhainā, i mau kōlamu no ka lawaiʻa ana ma muli o ka noi ʻo D. Kanewanui, ka luna hoʻoponopono o ke Kuokoa. Paʻi ʻia kona kōlamu i kēlā me kēia pule no kēlā wā a ua nui nō kona ʻike no ka ʻoihana lawaiʻa.

Description

The practice of fishing is one of the most important practices of the Native Hawaiian people, because it is the skilled practice of harvesting all types of fish for people to eat. There are numerous styles of fishing in Hawaiʻi that were practiced by elders. Similarly, there were numerous types of tools that were used according to the different kinds of fish that were being caught or in accordance with where they were fishing, such as in the deep ocean or before the surf break, or in other areas. 

The koʻa is a marker that was built by the fishing practitioners to maintain the knowledge of where the fishing grounds were located. Usually, koʻa were built with stacked rocks and were located near the fishing grounds, often they were named as well. A kūʻula was another structure used by fishing practitioners. It is similar to a heiau for fishing as it was a place to honor the deities of the practice to attract fish.

The story of ʻAiʻai from Maui, as well as that of his parents Kūʻulakai and Hinapukuiʻa, is the most well known and important story that describes fishing and the origins of the koʻa and the kūʻula in Hawaiʻi. ʻAiʻai is from ʻAleamai, Hāna, Maui and he is the one who built many of the koʻa and kūʻula across the archipelago of Hawaiʻi.

In the year 1902 from February 24 through July 4, Daniel Kahāʻulelio, a native of Lāhainā, wrote a newspaper column about the different types of fishing that he knew of, because he was asked to do so by the editor of the Kuokoa, D Kanewanui. His column was printed every week during that period and his knowledge of fishing practices was extensive. 

ʻŌlelo kuhikuhi

E koho i kēia huaʻōlelo no nā kumuwaiwai pili i ka ʻoihana lawaiʻa ma ke ʻano laulā o Hawaiʻi.

Instructions

Use for references to Hawaiʻi styles of fishing in a general sense. 

Moʻokūʻauhau

Akua: ʻAiʻai; Kūʻulakai; Hinapukuiʻa; Puniaiki; Nihooleki; Puniakaiʻa; Uhumākaʻikaʻi (Uhu); Kalamainuʻu; ʻOunauna (pāpaʻi); Punia; Kamapuaʻa

Kanaka: Daniel Kahāʻulelio; Walter Paulo; Eddie Kaʻanāanā; Mac Poepoe

Lako: Pou Lawaiʻa; Pā Hī Aku; Lau; Papa (net); ʻUpena; Ipu Lēʻī; Makau; Lūheʻe; ʻŌ; ‘Ōkilo; Lāʻau Melomelo; Kāʻili; Kolo

Hana: Hana ʻupena

ʻĀina: Lāhainā; Wailau; Hāna; Miloliʻi

Kūkulu: Koʻa; Kūʻula

Kūmole

Daniel Kahāʻulelio and Puakea Nogelmeier, Ka ʻoihana Lawaiʻa =: Hawaiian Fishing Traditions (Honolulu, Hawai’i: Bishop Museum Press, 2006).

Mac Poepoe: Mālama Moʻomomi, Nā Loea: The Masters, 2014, https://oiwi.tv/oiwitv/na-loea-malama-moomomi/.

Mary Kawena Pukui and Samuel H. Elbert, Hawaiian Dictionary, Rev. and enl. ed (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1986).

Applied to: Hawaiian fishpond study: islands of Oʻahu, Molokaʻi, and Hawaiʻi, The makahiki: fishing and farming, Ka ʻoihana lawaiʻa= Hawaiian fishing traditions, Kuulakai, “Hana ka lima, ʻai ka waha” : a collection of historical accounts and oral history interviews with kamaʻāina residents and fisher-people of lands in the Haleleʻa-Nāpali region on the Island of Kauaʻi, Ku’ula-kai, Mina Marciel Atai oral history interview

Created by: Keahiahi Long; Annemarie Paikai